56 lines
2.5 KiB
Text
56 lines
2.5 KiB
Text
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URLs are strings with a simple syntax:
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scheme://[username:password@]domain[:port]/path?query_string#fragment_id
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;Task:
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Parse a well-formed URL to retrieve the relevant information: '''scheme''', '''domain''', '''path''', ...
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Note: this task has nothing to do with [[URL encoding]] or [[URL decoding]].
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According to the standards, the characters:
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:::: <big><big> ! * ' ( ) ; : @ & = + $ , / ? % # [ ] </big></big>
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only need to be percent-encoded ('''%''') in case of possible confusion.
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Also note that the '''path''', '''query''' and '''fragment''' are case sensitive, even if the '''scheme''' and '''domain''' are not.
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The way the returned information is provided (set of variables, array, structured, record, object,...)
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is language-dependent and left to the programmer, but the code should be clear enough to reuse.
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Extra credit is given for clear error diagnostics.
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* Here is the official standard: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986,
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* and here is a simpler BNF: http://www.w3.org/Addressing/URL/5_URI_BNF.html.
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;Test cases:
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According to T. Berners-Lee
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'''<nowiki>foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose</nowiki>''' should parse into:
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::* scheme = foo
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::* domain = example.com
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::* port = :8042
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::* path = over/there
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::* query = name=ferret
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::* fragment = nose
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'''<nowiki>urn:example:animal:ferret:nose</nowiki>''' should parse into:
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::* scheme = urn
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::* path = example:animal:ferret:nose
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'''other URLs that must be parsed include:'''
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:* <nowiki> jdbc:mysql://test_user:ouupppssss@localhost:3306/sakila?profileSQL=true </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> ftp://ftp.is.co.za/rfc/rfc1808.txt </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt#header1 </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> ldap://[2001:db8::7]/c=GB?objectClass=one&objectClass=two </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> mailto:John.Doe@example.com </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> news:comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> tel:+1-816-555-1212 </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> telnet://192.0.2.16:80/ </nowiki>
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:* <nowiki> urn:oasis:names:specification:docbook:dtd:xml:4.1.2 </nowiki>
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<br><br>
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