Just another update

Task/Enumerations/C++/enumerations-2.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+enum class fruits { apple, banana, cherry };
+
+enum class fruits { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 };

Task/Enumerations/C++/enumerations-3.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+enum class fruits : unsigned int { apple, banana, cherry };

Task/Enumerations/C++/enumerations-4.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+enum fruits : unsigned int { apple, banana, cherry };

Task/Enumerations/C/enumerations-2.c

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+typedef enum { apple, banana, cherry } fruits;
+
+typedef enum { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 } fruits;

Task/Enumerations/D/enumerations.d

@@ -1,17 +1,50 @@
-// Named (commonly used enum in D) (int).
-enum Fruits1 { apple, banana, cherry }
-
-// Anonymous, as in C.
-enum { APPLE, BANANA, CHERRY }
-
-// Named with specified values (int).
-enum Fruits2 { apple = 0, banana = 10, cherry = 20 }
-
-// Named, typed and with specified values.
-enum Fruits3 : ubyte { apple = 0, banana = 100, cherry = 200 }
-
 void main() {
+    // Named enumeration (commonly used enum in D).
+    // The underlying type is a 32 bit int.
+    enum Fruits1 { apple, banana, cherry }
+
+    // You can assign an enum to the general type, but not the opposite:
+    int f1 = Fruits1.banana; // No error.
+    // Fruits1 f2 = 1; // Error: cannot implicitly convert.
+
+    // Anonymous enumeration, as in C, of type 32 bit int.
+    enum { APPLE, BANANA, CHERRY }
     static assert(CHERRY == 2);
-    int f1 = Fruits2.banana; // No error.
-    // Fruits2 f2 = 1; // Error: cannot implicitly convert.
+
+    // Named enumeration with specified values (int).
+    enum Fruits2 { apple = 0, banana = 10, cherry = 20 }
+
+    // Named enumeration, typed and with specified values.
+    enum Fruits3 : ubyte { apple = 0, banana = 100, cherry = 200 }
+
+    // Named enumeration, typed and with partially specified values.
+    enum Test : ubyte { A = 2, B, C = 3 }
+    static assert(Test.B == 3); // Uses the next ubyte, duplicated value.
+
+    // This raises a compile-time error for overflow.
+    // enum Fruits5 : ubyte { apple = 254, banana = 255, cherry }
+
+    enum Component {
+        none,
+        red   = 2 ^^ 0,
+        green = 2 ^^ 1,
+        blue  = 2 ^^ 2
+    }
+
+    // Phobos BitFlags support all the most common operations on flags.
+    // Some of the operations are shown below.
+    import std.typecons: BitFlags;
+
+    alias ComponentFlags = BitFlags!Component;
+    immutable ComponentFlags flagsEmpty;
+
+    // Value can be set with the | operator.
+    immutable flagsRed = flagsEmpty | Component.red;
+
+    immutable flagsGreen = ComponentFlags(Component.green);
+    immutable flagsRedGreen = ComponentFlags(Component.red, Component.green);
+    immutable flagsBlueGreen = ComponentFlags(Component.blue, Component.green);
+
+    // Use the & operator between BitFlags for intersection.
+    assert (flagsGreen == (flagsRedGreen & flagsBlueGreen));
 }

Task/Enumerations/Go/enumerations-1.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 const (
-   apple = iota
-   banana
-   cherry
+	apple = iota
+	banana
+	cherry
 )

Task/Enumerations/Go/enumerations-2.go

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 const (
-   apple = 0
-   banana = 1
-   cherry = 2
+	apple  = 0
+	banana = 1
+	cherry = 2
 )

Task/Enumerations/Go/enumerations-3.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+type fruit int
+
+const (
+	apple fruit = iota
+	banana
+	cherry
+)

Task/Enumerations/Go/enumerations-4.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+type fruit int
+
+const (
+	apple  fruit = 0
+	banana fruit = 1
+	cherry fruit = 2
+)

Task/Enumerations/Objective-C/enumerations.m

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, fruits) { apple, banana, cherry };
+
+typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, fruits) { apple = 0, banana = 1, cherry = 2 };

Task/Enumerations/Python/enumerations-1.py

@@ -1 +1,15 @@
-FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, PHONE = range(3)
+>>> from enum import Enum
+>>> Contact = Enum('Contact', 'FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, PHONE')
+>>> Contact.__members__
+mappingproxy(OrderedDict([('FIRST_NAME', <Contact.FIRST_NAME: 1>), ('LAST_NAME', <Contact.LAST_NAME: 2>), ('PHONE', <Contact.PHONE: 3>)]))
+>>>
+>>> # Explicit
+>>> class Contact2(Enum):
+	FIRST_NAME = 1
+	LAST_NAME = 2
+	PHONE = 3
+
+	
+>>> Contact2.__members__
+mappingproxy(OrderedDict([('FIRST_NAME', <Contact2.FIRST_NAME: 1>), ('LAST_NAME', <Contact2.LAST_NAME: 2>), ('PHONE', <Contact2.PHONE: 3>)]))
+>>>

Task/Enumerations/Python/enumerations-2.py

@@ -1 +1 @@
-vars().update((key,val) for val,key in enumerate(("FIRST_NAME","LAST_NAME","PHONE")))
+FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, PHONE = range(3)

Task/Enumerations/Python/enumerations-3.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+vars().update((key,val) for val,key in enumerate(("FIRST_NAME","LAST_NAME","PHONE")))

Task/Enumerations/Ruby/enumerations-1.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Fruits
+  APPLE  = 0
+  BANANA = 1
+  CHERRY = 2
+end
+
+# It is possible to use a symbol if the value is unrelated.
+
+FRUITS = [:apple, :banana, :cherry]
+val = :banana
+FRUITS.include?(val)      #=> true

Task/Enumerations/Ruby/enumerations-2.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+module Card
+  # constants
+  SUITS = %i(Clubs Hearts Spades Diamonds)
+  SUIT_VALUE = SUITS.each_with_index.to_h               # version 2.1+
+# SUIT_VALUE = Hash[ SUITS.each_with_index.to_a ]       # before it
+  #=> {:Clubs=>0, :Hearts=>1, :Spades=>2, :Diamonds=>3}
+
+  PIPS = %i(2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jack Queen King Ace)
+  PIP_VALUE = PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_h              # version 2.1+
+# PIP_VALUE = Hash[ PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_a ]      # before it
+  #=> {:"2"=>2, :"3"=>3, :"4"=>4, :"5"=>5, :"6"=>6, :"7"=>7, :"8"=>8, :"9"=>9, :"10"=>10, :Jack=>11, :Queen=>12, :King=>13, :Ace=>14}
+end

Task/Enumerations/Ruby/enumerations.rb

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-module Fruits
-APPLE = 0
-BANANA = 1
-CHERRY = 2
-end