Time for an 2014 update…

Task/Align-columns/AutoIt/align-columns.autoit

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+; == If the given text is in an file, it will read with:
+#include <File.au3>
+Global $aRead
+_FileReadToArray($sPath, $aRead)  ; == $aRead[0] includes count of lines, every line stored in one item (without linebreak)
+
+; == For example we get the same result with StringSplit()
+Global $sText = _
+"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" & @CRLF & _
+"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & @CRLF & _
+"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & @CRLF & _
+"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & @CRLF & _
+"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & @CRLF & _
+"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." & @CRLF
+
+$aRead = StringSplit($sText, @CRLF, 1)
+
+; == strip leading and trailing "$" and trailing spaces, count remaining "$" to get max column number
+Global $iMaxColumn = 0, $iLines = 0
+For $i = 1 To $aRead[0]
+	If $aRead[$i] = '' Then ContinueLoop   ; skip empty lines
+	$iLines += 1
+	$aRead[$i] = StringRegExpReplace(StringRegExpReplace(StringRegExpReplace($aRead[$i], '^\$', ''), '\$$', ''), '\s*$', '')
+	StringReplace($aRead[$i], '$', '$')
+	If @extended +1 > $iMaxColumn Then $iMaxColumn = @extended +1
+Next
+
+; == build array to store all fields and length of every item
+Global $aFields[$iLines][$iMaxColumn +1][2]
+; == and store the max. length of item in columns
+Global $aColLen[$iMaxColumn]
+
+; == fill the array
+Global $aSplitLine
+$iLines = 0
+For $i = 1 To $aRead[0]
+	If $aRead[$i] = '' Then ContinueLoop   ; skip empty lines
+	$iMaxColLen = 0
+	$aSplitLine = StringSplit($aRead[$i], '$')
+	For $j = 1 To $aSplitLine[0]
+		$aFields[$iLines][$j-1][0] = $aSplitLine[$j]
+		$aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1] = StringLen($aSplitLine[$j])
+		If $aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1] > $aColLen[$j-1] Then $aColLen[$j-1] = $aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1]
+	Next
+	$iLines += 1
+Next
+
+; == let the user select the alignment for every column
+$sAlign = InputBox('Column alignment', 'There are ' & $iMaxColumn & ' columns.' & @LF & '0 = left    1 = center    2 = right' & @LF &  _
+                   'Input alignment for all columns without delimiters.' & @LF & 'Let it empty, to align all left.')
+If $sAlign = '' Then
+	For $i = 1 To $iMaxColumn
+		$sAlign &= '0'
+	Next
+EndIf
+Global $aAlignment = StringSplit($sAlign, '', 2)
+
+; == output all to console
+Global $sLineOut
+For $i = 0 To UBound($aFields) -1
+	$sLineOut = ''
+	For $j = 0 To $iMaxColumn -1
+		If $aFields[$i][$j][0] = '' Then ContinueLoop
+		$sLineOut &= _GetAligned($aFields[$i][$j][0], $aFields[$i][$j][1], $aAlignment[$j], $aColLen[$j])
+	Next
+	ConsoleWrite(StringTrimRight($sLineOut, 1) & @LF)
+Next
+
+Func _GetAligned($_sString, $_iLen, $_iAlign, $_iMaxLen)
+	Local $sSpace = ''
+	For $i = 1 To $_iMaxLen
+		$sSpace &= ' '
+	Next
+	Switch $_iAlign
+		Case 0
+			Return $_sString & StringLeft($sSpace, $_iMaxLen - $_iLen +1)
+		Case 1
+			Local $iLenLeft = Int(($_iMaxLen - $_iLen)/2)
+			Local $iLenRight = $_iMaxLen - $iLenLeft - $_iLen
+			Return StringLeft($sSpace, $iLenLeft) & $_sString & StringLeft($sSpace, $iLenRight) & ' '
+		Case 2
+			Return StringLeft($sSpace, $_iMaxLen - $_iLen) & $_sString & ' '
+	EndSwitch
+EndFunc  ;==>_GetAligned

Task/Align-columns/Julia/align-columns.julia

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+txt = """Given\$a\$txt\$file\$of\$many\$lines,\$where\$fields\$within\$a\$line\$
+are\$delineated\$by\$a\$single\$'dollar'\$character,\$write\$a\$program
+that\$aligns\$each\$column\$of\$fields\$by\$ensuring\$that\$words\$in\$each\$
+column\$are\$separated\$by\$at\$least\$one\$space.
+Further,\$allow\$for\$each\$word\$in\$a\$column\$to\$be\$either\$left\$
+justified,\$right\$justified,\$or\$center\$justified\$within\$its\$column."""
+
+# left/right/center justification of strings:
+ljust(s, width) = s * " "^max(0, width - length(s))
+rjust(s, width) = " "^max(0, width - length(s)) * s
+function center(s, width)
+  pad = width - length(s)
+  if pad <= 0
+    return s
+  else
+    pad2 = div(pad, 2)
+    return " "^pad2 * s * " "^(pad - pad2)
+  end
+end
+
+parts = [split(rstrip(line, '$'), '$') for line in split(txt, '\n')]
+
+max_widths = zeros(Int, maximum(length, parts))
+for line in parts
+  for (i, word) in enumerate(line)
+    max_widths[i] = max(max_widths[i], length(word))
+  end
+end
+max_widths += 1 # separate cols by at least one space
+
+for (label, justify) in (("Left", ljust), ("Right",rjust), ("Center",center))
+  println(label, " column-aligned output:")
+  for line in parts
+    for (j, word) in enumerate(line)
+      print(justify(word, max_widths[j]))
+    end
+    println()
+  end
+  println("-"^sum(max_widths))
+end