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Task/Execute-Computer-Zero/Python/execute-computer-zero.py
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270
Task/Execute-Computer-Zero/Python/execute-computer-zero.py
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"""Computer/zero Assembly emulator. Requires Python >= 3.7"""
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import re
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from typing import Dict
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from typing import Iterable
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from typing import List
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from typing import NamedTuple
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from typing import Optional
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from typing import Tuple
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NOP = 0b000
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LDA = 0b001
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STA = 0b010
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ADD = 0b011
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SUB = 0b100
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BRZ = 0b101
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JMP = 0b110
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STP = 0b111
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OPCODES = {
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"NOP": NOP,
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"LDA": LDA,
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"STA": STA,
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"ADD": ADD,
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"SUB": SUB,
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"BRZ": BRZ,
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"JMP": JMP,
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"STP": STP,
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}
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RE_INSTRUCTION = re.compile(
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r"\s*"
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r"(?:(?P<label>\w+):)?"
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r"\s*"
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rf"(?P<opcode>{'|'.join(OPCODES)})?"
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r"\s*"
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r"(?P<argument>\w+)?"
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r"\s*"
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r"(?:;(?P<comment>[\w\s]+))?"
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)
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class AssemblySyntaxError(Exception):
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pass
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class Instruction(NamedTuple):
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label: Optional[str]
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opcode: Optional[str]
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argument: Optional[str]
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comment: Optional[str]
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def parse(assembly: str) -> Tuple[List[Instruction], Dict[str, int]]:
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instructions: List[Instruction] = []
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labels: Dict[str, int] = {}
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linenum: int = 0
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for line in assembly.split("\n"):
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match = RE_INSTRUCTION.match(line)
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if not match:
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raise AssemblySyntaxError(f"{line}: {linenum}")
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instructions.append(Instruction(**match.groupdict()))
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label = match.group(1)
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if label:
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labels[label] = linenum
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linenum += 1
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return instructions, labels
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def compile(instructions: List[Instruction], labels: Dict[str, int]) -> Iterable[int]:
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for instruction in instructions:
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if instruction.argument is None:
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argument = 0
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elif instruction.argument.isnumeric():
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argument = int(instruction.argument)
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else:
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argument = labels[instruction.argument]
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if instruction.opcode:
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yield OPCODES[instruction.opcode] << 5 | argument
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else:
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yield argument
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def run(bytecode: bytes) -> int:
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accumulator = 0
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program_counter = 0
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memory = list(bytecode)[:32] + [0 for _ in range(32 - len(bytecode))]
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while program_counter < 32:
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operation = memory[program_counter] >> 5
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argument = memory[program_counter] & 0b11111
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program_counter += 1
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if operation == NOP:
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continue
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elif operation == LDA:
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accumulator = memory[argument]
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elif operation == STA:
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memory[argument] = accumulator
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elif operation == ADD:
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accumulator = (accumulator + memory[argument]) % 256
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elif operation == SUB:
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accumulator = (accumulator - memory[argument]) % 256
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elif operation == BRZ:
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if accumulator == 0:
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program_counter = argument
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elif operation == JMP:
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program_counter = argument
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elif operation == STP:
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break
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else:
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raise Exception(f"error: {operation} {argument}")
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return accumulator
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SAMPLES = [
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"""\
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LDA x
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ADD y ; accumulator = x + y
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STP
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x: 2
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y: 2
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""",
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"""\
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loop: LDA prodt
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ADD x
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STA prodt
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LDA y
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SUB one
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STA y
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BRZ done
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JMP loop
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done: LDA prodt ; to display it
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STP
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x: 8
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y: 7
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prodt: 0
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one: 1
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""",
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"""\
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loop: LDA n
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STA temp
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ADD m
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STA n
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LDA temp
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STA m
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LDA count
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SUB one
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BRZ done
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STA count
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JMP loop
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done: LDA n ; to display it
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STP
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m: 1
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n: 1
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temp: 0
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count: 8 ; valid range: 1-11
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one: 1
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""",
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"""\
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start: LDA load
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ADD car ; head of list
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STA ldcar
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ADD one
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STA ldcdr ; next CONS cell
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ldcar: NOP
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STA value
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ldcdr: NOP
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BRZ done ; 0 stands for NIL
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STA car
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JMP start
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done: LDA value ; CAR of last CONS
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STP
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load: LDA 0
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value: 0
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car: 28
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one: 1
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; order of CONS cells
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; in memory
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; does not matter
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6
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0 ; 0 stands for NIL
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2 ; (CADR ls)
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26 ; (CDDR ls) -- etc.
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5
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20
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3
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30
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1 ; value of (CAR ls)
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22 ; points to (CDR ls)
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4
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24
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""",
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"""\
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p: 0 ; NOP in first round
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c: 0
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start: STP ; wait for p's move
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pmove: NOP
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LDA pmove
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SUB cmove
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BRZ same
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LDA pmove
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STA cmove ; tit for tat
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BRZ cdeft
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LDA c ; p defected, c did not
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ADD three
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STA c
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JMP start
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cdeft: LDA p
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ADD three
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STA p
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JMP start
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same: LDA pmove
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STA cmove ; tit for tat
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LDA p
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ADD one
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ADD pmove
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STA p
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LDA c
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ADD one
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ADD pmove
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STA c
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JMP start
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cmove: 0 ; co-operate initially
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one: 1
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three: 3
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""",
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"""\
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LDA 3
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SUB 4
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STP 0
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0
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255
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""",
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"""\
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LDA 3
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SUB 4
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STP 0
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0
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1
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""",
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"""\
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LDA 3
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ADD 4
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STP 0
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1
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255
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""",
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]
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def main() -> None:
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for sample in SAMPLES:
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instructions, labels = parse(sample)
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bytecode = bytes(compile(instructions, labels))
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result = run(bytecode)
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print(result)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main()
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