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Ingy döt Net 2026-04-30 12:34:36 -04:00
parent 4bb20c9b71
commit cbaf4c4b64
12390 changed files with 318560 additions and 27248 deletions
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68
Task/Machine-code/Ada/machine-code.adb Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
-- Linux x86_64 with GNAT 15.1.0
with Ada.Unchecked_Conversion;
with Ada.Text_IO;
with Interfaces.C;
with System;
-- Pull in primitive operations for unsigned int types to combine
-- flags with "or"
use type Interfaces.C.unsigned;
procedure Machine_Code_Add is
-- The mmap interface provided by GNAT is limited, expecting only
-- reading and writing files rather than grabbing anonymous
-- executable memory regions. At that point it's easier just to
-- define our own interface.
PROT_READ : constant Interfaces.C.unsigned := 1;
PROT_WRITE : constant Interfaces.C.unsigned := 2;
PROT_EXEC : constant Interfaces.C.unsigned := 4;
MAP_PRIVATE : constant Interfaces.C.unsigned := 2;
MAP_ANON : constant Interfaces.C.unsigned := 32;
function Mmap (addr : System.Address;
len : Interfaces.C.size_t;
prot : Interfaces.C.unsigned;
flags : Interfaces.C.unsigned;
fd : Interfaces.C.unsigned;
off : Interfaces.C.long) return System.Address;
pragma Import (C, Mmap, "mmap");
function Munmap (addr : System.Address;
len : Interfaces.C.size_t) return Interfaces.C.int;
pragma Import (C, Munmap, "munmap");
function Memcpy (dest, src : System.Address; n : Interfaces.C.size_t)
return System.Address;
pragma Import (C, Memcpy, "memcpy");
type Add_Fn is access
function (A, B : Interfaces.C.long) return Interfaces.C.long
with Convention => C;
function To_Add_Fn is
new Ada.Unchecked_Conversion (System.Address, Add_Fn);
Code : constant array (Positive range 1 .. 7)
of Interfaces.C.unsigned_char :=
(16#48#, 16#89#, 16#F8#, 16#48#, 16#01#, 16#F0#, 16#C3#);
Len : constant Interfaces.C.size_t := Code'Length;
Mem : constant System.Address :=
Mmap (System.Null_Address,
Len,
PROT_READ or PROT_WRITE or PROT_EXEC,
MAP_PRIVATE or MAP_ANON,
-1,
0);
Add : constant Add_Fn := To_Add_Fn (Mem);
Dummy : System.Address := Memcpy (Mem, Code'Address, Len);
Dummy2 : Interfaces.C.int;
Sum : Interfaces.C.long := Add (12, 7);
begin
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line ("12 + 7 =" & Interfaces.C.long'Image (Sum));
Dummy2 := Munmap (Mem, Len);
end Machine_Code_Add;

10
Task/Machine-code/COBOL/machine-code-1.cob Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
pushq %rbp
movq %rsp, %rbp
movl %edi, -0x4(%rbp)
movl %esi, -0x8(%rbp)
movl -0x4(%rbp), %esi
addl -0x8(%rbp), %esi
movl %esi, -0xc(%rbp)
movl -0xc(%rbp), %eax
popq %rbp
retq

71
Task/Machine-code/COBOL/machine-code-2.cob Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
>>SOURCE FORMAT IS FIXED
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. MC.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 INSTRUCTIONS.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'55'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'48'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'89'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'E5'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'89'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'7D'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'FC'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'89'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'75'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'F8'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'8B'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'75'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'FC'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'03'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'75'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'F8'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'89'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'75'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'F4'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'8B'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'45'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'F4'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'5D'.
03 USAGE BINARY-CHAR UNSIGNED VALUE H'C3'.
01 MMAP.
03 MMAP-ADDR USAGE POINTER VALUE NULL.
03 MMAP-LEN USAGE BINARY-LONG UNSIGNED VALUE 24.
03 MMAP-PROT USAGE BINARY-INT VALUE H'0007'.
03 MMAP-FLAGS USAGE BINARY-INT VALUE H'1002'.
03 MMAP-FD USAGE BINARY-INT VALUE -1.
03 MMAP-OFFSET USAGE BINARY-LONG VALUE 0.
03 CODE-PTR USAGE PROCEDURE-POINTER.
01 ARG-A USAGE BINARY-INT VALUE 7.
01 ARG-B USAGE BINARY-INT VALUE 12.
01 RESULT USAGE BINARY-INT.
LINKAGE SECTION.
01 MACHINE-CODE PIC X(24).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MAIN SECTION.
PERFORM SET-UP.
CALL CODE-PTR USING
BY VALUE ARG-A
BY VALUE ARG-B
RETURNING RESULT.
DISPLAY RESULT.
PERFORM TEAR-DOWN.
STOP RUN.
SET-UP SECTION.
CALL 'mmap' USING
BY VALUE MMAP-ADDR
BY VALUE MMAP-LEN
BY VALUE MMAP-PROT
BY VALUE MMAP-FLAGS
BY VALUE MMAP-FD
BY VALUE MMAP-OFFSET
RETURNING CODE-PTR.
SET ADDRESS OF MACHINE-CODE TO CODE-PTR.
MOVE INSTRUCTIONS TO MACHINE-CODE.
TEAR-DOWN SECTION.
SET ADDRESS OF MACHINE-CODE TO NULL.
CALL 'munmap' USING
BY VALUE CODE-PTR
BY VALUE MMAP-LEN.

2
Task/Machine-code/M2000-Interpreter/machine-code-1.m2000
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Module Checkit {
Print m=5605
Print Error=0, ok=False
Print Eval(DataMem, 0)=5605, Eval(DataMem, 0)
Print DataMem[0]=5605, Eval(DataMem, 0)
\\ sub used as Exit here
Sub Ret()
Return ExecMem, Address:=0xC3

72
Task/Machine-code/M2000-Interpreter/machine-code-2.m2000
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@ -1,42 +1,38 @@
Function MyAdd {
Buffer DataMem as Long*2
Buffer Code ExecMem as byte*32
Address=0
EmbByte(0x31, 0xC0)
EmbByteLong(0x3,0x5, DataMem(0)) ' add eax, [DataMem(0)]
EmbByteLong(0x3,0x5, DataMem(1)) ' add eax, [DataMem(1)]
EmbLong(0xa3, DataMem(0)) ' mov [DataMem(0)], eax
Rem :
EmbByte(0x31, 0xC0) ' xor eax, eax
Ret() ' Return
=lambda ExecMem, DataMem (a as double, b as double)-> {
Return DataMem, 0:=a, 1:=b
Try ok {
Execute Code ExecMem, 0
}
If not ok then {
=Uint(Error)
} Else {
=Eval(DataMem, 0)
}
}
Sub Ret()
Return ExecMem, Address:=0xC3
Address++
End Sub
Sub EmbByte()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number
Address+=2
End Sub
Sub EmbLong()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number as Long
Address+=5
End Sub
Sub EmbByteLong()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number, Address+2:=Number as Long
Address+=6
End Sub
Buffer DataMem as Long*2
Buffer Code ExecMem as byte*32
Address=0
EmbByte(0x31, 0xC0)
EmbByteLong(0x3,0x5, DataMem(0)) ' add eax, [DataMem(0)]
EmbByteLong(0x3,0x5, DataMem(1)) ' add eax, [DataMem(1)]
EmbLong(0xa3, DataMem(0)) ' mov [DataMem(0)], eax
Rem :
EmbByte(0x31, 0xC0) ' xor eax, eax
Ret() ' Return
=lambda ExecMem, DataMem (a as double, b as double)-> {
Return DataMem, 0:=a, 1:=b
Try ok {
Execute Code ExecMem, 0
}
If not ok then =Uint(Error) Else =DataMem[0]
}
Sub Ret()
Return ExecMem, Address:=0xC3
Address++
End Sub
Sub EmbByte()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number
Address+=2
End Sub
Sub EmbLong()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number as Long
Address+=5
End Sub
Sub EmbByteLong()
Return ExecMem, Address:=Number, Address+1:=Number, Address+2:=Number as Long
Address+=6
End Sub
}
\\ Produce a lambda function with machine code inside
UnsingedAdd=MyAdd()
Print UnsingedAdd(12, 7), UnsingedAdd(500, 100)
Print UnsingedAdd(12, 7)=19, UnsingedAdd(0x8000_0000, 0x8000_0001)=1

37
Task/Machine-code/Perl/machine-code.pl Normal file
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#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Inline "C";
printf("%d\n", add(7, 12));
__END__
__C__
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <string.h>
int add (int a, int b)
{
#ifdef __x86_64__
char code[] = {0x55, 0x48, 0x89, 0xe5, 0x89, 0x7d,
0xfc, 0x89, 0x75, 0xf8, 0x8b, 0x75,
0xfc, 0x03, 0x75, 0xf8, 0x89, 0x75,
0xf4, 0x8b, 0x45, 0xf4, 0x5d, 0xc3};
#else
char code[] = {0x8B, 0x44, 0x24, 0x4, 0x3, 0x44, 0x24, 0x8, 0xC3};
#endif
void *buf;
int c;
/* copy code to executable buffer */
buf = mmap (0,sizeof(code),PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE|PROT_EXEC,
MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANON,-1,0);
memcpy (buf, code, sizeof(code));
/* run code */
c = ((int (*) (int, int))buf)(a, b);
/* free buffer */
munmap (buf, sizeof(code));
return c;
}

12
Task/Machine-code/Phix/machine-code-1.phix
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@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
(notonline)-->
<span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">mem</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">allocate</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">9</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">poke</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">mem</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">#8B</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#44</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#24</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#04</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#03</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#44</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#24</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#08</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#C3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #008080;">constant</span> <span style="color: #000000;">mfunc</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">define_c_func</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">({},</span><span style="color: #000000;">mem</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">C_INT</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">C_INT</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">},</span><span style="color: #000000;">C_INT</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">c_func</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">mfunc</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">12</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">7</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">free</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">mem</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--
atom mem = allocate(9)
poke(mem,{#8B,#44,#24,#04,#03,#44,#24,#08,#C3})
constant mfunc = define_c_func({},mem,{C_INT,C_INT},C_INT)
?c_func(mfunc,{12,7})
free(mem)

26
Task/Machine-code/Phix/machine-code-2.phix
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@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
-->
<span style="color: #004080;">atom</span> <span style="color: #000000;">mem</span> <span style="color: #0000FF;">=</span> <span style="color: #000000;">allocate</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">9</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">poke</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">mem</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,{</span><span style="color: #000000;">#8B</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#44</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#24</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#04</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#03</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#44</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#24</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#08</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">,</span><span style="color: #000000;">#C3</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">})</span>
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
#ilASM{ mov eax,[mem]
call :%pLoadMint -- eax:=(int32)eax, in case mem&gt;#3FFFFFFF
push 12
push 7
call eax
add esp,8
mov [res],eax }
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<span style="color: #000000;">free</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">(</span><span style="color: #000000;">mem</span><span style="color: #0000FF;">)</span>
<!--
atom mem = allocate(9)
poke(mem,{#8B,#44,#24,#04,#03,#44,#24,#08,#C3})
integer res
#ilASM{ mov eax,[mem]
call :%pLoadMint -- eax:=(int32)eax, in case mem>#3FFFFFFF
push 12
push 7
call eax
add esp,8
mov [res],eax }
?res
free(mem)

50
Task/Machine-code/Phix/machine-code-3.phix
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@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
-->
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
#ilASM{ jmp @f
::add
[32]
mov eax,[esp+4]
add eax,[esp+8]
[64]
mov rax,[rsp+8]
add rax,[rsp+16]
[]
ret
@@:
push 12
push 7
call :add
[32]
add esp,8
mov [res],eax
[64]
add rsp,16
mov [res],rax
[]
}
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<!--
integer res
#ilASM{ jmp @f
::add
[32]
mov eax,[esp+4]
add eax,[esp+8]
[64]
mov rax,[rsp+8]
add rax,[rsp+16]
[]
ret
@@:
push 12
push 7
call :add
[32]
add esp,8
mov [res],eax
[64]
add rsp,16
mov [res],rax
[]
}
?res

32
Task/Machine-code/Phix/machine-code-4.phix
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@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
-->
<span style="color: #004080;">integer</span> <span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
#ilASM{
[32]
mov eax,12
mov edx,7
add eax,edx
mov [res],eax
[64]
mov rax,12
mov rdx,7
add rax,rdx
mov [res],rax
[]
}
<span style="color: #0000FF;">?</span><span style="color: #000000;">res</span>
<!--
integer res
#ilASM{
[32]
mov eax,12
mov edx,7
add eax,edx
mov [res],eax
[64]
mov rax,12
mov rdx,7
add rax,rdx
mov [res],rax
[]
}
?res