2016 Update

This commit is contained in:
Tina Müller 2016-12-05 22:15:40 +01:00
parent 948b86eafa
commit dcf5d15da3
7965 changed files with 139854 additions and 31002 deletions

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The aim of this task is to "''simulate''" a four-bit adder "chip".
;Task:
"''Simulate''" a four-bit adder "chip".
This "chip" can be realized using four [[wp:Adder_(electronics)#Full_adder|1-bit full adder]]s.
Each of these 1-bit full adders can be built with two [[wp:Adder_(electronics)#Half_adder|half adder]]s and an ''or'' [[wp:Logic gate|gate]]. Finally a half adder can be made using a ''xor'' gate and an ''and'' gate.
The ''xor'' gate can be made using two ''not''s, two ''and''s and one ''or''.
@ -26,3 +28,4 @@ It is not mandatory to replicate the syntax of higher-order blocks in the atomic
To test the implementation, show the sum of two four-bit numbers (in binary).
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<br><br>

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program-id. test-add.
environment division.
configuration section.
special-names.
class bin is "0" "1".
data division.
working-storage section.
1 parms.
2 a-in pic 9999.
2 b-in pic 9999.
2 r-out pic 9999.
2 c-out pic 9.
procedure division.
display "Enter 'A' value (4-bits binary): "
with no advancing
accept a-in
if a-in (1:) not bin
display "A is not binary"
stop run
end-if
display "Enter 'B' value (4-bits binary): "
with no advancing
accept b-in
if b-in (1:) not bin
display "B is not binary"
stop run
end-if
call "add-4b" using parms
display "Carry " c-out " result " r-out
stop run
.
end program test-add.
program-id. add-4b.
data division.
working-storage section.
1 wk binary.
2 i pic 9(4).
2 occurs 5.
3 a-reg pic 9.
3 b-reg pic 9.
3 c-reg pic 9.
3 r-reg pic 9.
2 a pic 9.
2 b pic 9.
2 c pic 9.
2 a-not pic 9.
2 b-not pic 9.
2 c-not pic 9.
2 ha-1s pic 9.
2 ha-1c pic 9.
2 ha-1s-not pic 9.
2 ha-1c-not pic 9.
2 ha-2s pic 9.
2 ha-2c pic 9.
2 fa-s pic 9.
2 fa-c pic 9.
linkage section.
1 parms.
2 a-in pic 9999.
2 b-in pic 9999.
2 r-out pic 9999.
2 c-out pic 9.
procedure division using parms.
initialize wk
perform varying i from 1 by 1
until i > 4
move a-in (5 - i:1) to a-reg (i)
move b-in (5 - i:1) to b-reg (i)
end-perform
perform simulate-adder varying i from 1 by 1
until i > 4
move c-reg (5) to c-out
perform varying i from 1 by 1
until i > 4
move r-reg (i) to r-out (5 - i:1)
end-perform
exit program
.
simulate-adder section.
move a-reg (i) to a
move b-reg (i) to b
move c-reg (i) to c
add a -1 giving a-not
add b -1 giving b-not
add c -1 giving c-not
compute ha-1s = function max (
function min ( a b-not )
function min ( b a-not ) )
compute ha-1c = function min ( a b )
add ha-1s -1 giving ha-1s-not
add ha-1c -1 giving ha-1c-not
compute ha-2s = function max (
function min ( c ha-1s-not )
function min ( ha-1s c-not ) )
compute ha-2c = function min ( c ha-1c )
compute fa-s = ha-2s
compute fa-c = function max ( ha-1c ha-2c )
move fa-s to r-reg (i)
move fa-c to c-reg (i + 1)
.
end program add-4b.

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defmodule RC do
use Bitwise
@bit_size 4
def four_bit_adder(a, b) do # returns pair {sum, carry}
a_bits = binary_string_to_bits(a)
b_bits = binary_string_to_bits(b)
Enum.zip(a_bits, b_bits)
|> List.foldr({[], 0}, fn {a_bit, b_bit}, {acc, carry} ->
{s, c} = full_adder(a_bit, b_bit, carry)
{[s | acc], c}
end)
end
defp full_adder(a, b, c0) do
{s, c} = half_adder(c0, a)
{s, c1} = half_adder(s, b)
{s, bor(c, c1)} # returns pair {sum, carry}
end
defp half_adder(a, b) do
{bxor(a, b), band(a, b)} # returns pair {sum, carry}
end
def int_to_binary_string(n) do
Integer.to_string(n,2) |> String.rjust(@bit_size, ?0)
end
defp binary_string_to_bits(s) do
String.codepoints(s) |> Enum.map(fn bit -> String.to_integer(bit) end)
end
def task do
IO.puts " A B A B C S sum"
Enum.each(0..15, fn a ->
bin_a = int_to_binary_string(a)
Enum.each(0..15, fn b ->
bin_b = int_to_binary_string(b)
{sum, carry} = four_bit_adder(bin_a, bin_b)
:io.format "~2w + ~2w = ~s + ~s = ~w ~s = ~2w~n",
[a, b, bin_a, bin_b, carry, Enum.join(sum), Integer.undigits([carry | sum], 2)]
end)
end)
end
end
RC.task

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-- Build XOR from AND, OR and NOT
function xor (a, b)
return (a and not b) or (b and not a)
end
function xor (a, b) return (a and not b) or (b and not a) end
-- Can make half adder now XOR exists
function halfAdder (a, b)
local sum, carry
sum = xor(a, b)
carry = a and b
return sum, carry
end
function halfAdder (a, b) return xor(a, b), a and b end
-- Full adder is two half adders with carry outputs OR'd
function fullAdder (a, b, cIn)
local ha0s, ha0c = halfAdder(cIn, a)
local ha1s, ha1c = halfAdder(ha0s, b)
local cOut, s = ha0c or ha1c, ha1s
return cOut, s
local ha0s, ha0c = halfAdder(cIn, a)
local ha1s, ha1c = halfAdder(ha0s, b)
local cOut, s = ha0c or ha1c, ha1s
return cOut, s
end
-- Carry bits 'ripple' through adders, first returned value is overflow
function fourBitAdder (a3, a2, a1, a0, b3, b2, b1, b0) -- LSB-first
local fa0c, fa0s = fullAdder(a0, b0, false)
local fa1c, fa1s = fullAdder(a1, b1, fa0c)
local fa2c, fa2s = fullAdder(a2, b2, fa1c)
local fa3c, fa3s = fullAdder(a3, b3, fa2c)
return fa3c, fa3s, fa2s, fa1s, fa0s -- Return as MSB-first
local fa0c, fa0s = fullAdder(a0, b0, false)
local fa1c, fa1s = fullAdder(a1, b1, fa0c)
local fa2c, fa2s = fullAdder(a2, b2, fa1c)
local fa3c, fa3s = fullAdder(a3, b3, fa2c)
return fa3c, fa3s, fa2s, fa1s, fa0s -- Return as MSB-first
end
-- Take string of noughts and ones, convert to native boolean type
function toBool (bitString)
local boolList, bit = {}
for digit = 1, 4 do
bit = string.sub(string.format("%04d", bitString), digit, digit)
if bit == "0" then table.insert(boolList, false) end
if bit == "1" then table.insert(boolList, true) end
end
return boolList
local boolList, bit = {}
for digit = 1, 4 do
bit = string.sub(string.format("%04d", bitString), digit, digit)
if bit == "0" then table.insert(boolList, false) end
if bit == "1" then table.insert(boolList, true) end
end
return boolList
end
-- Take list of booleans, convert to string of binary digits (variadic)
function toBits (...)
local bitString = ""
for i, bool in pairs{...} do
if bool then
bitString = bitString .. "1"
else
bitString = bitString .. "0"
end
end
return bitString
local bStr = ""
for i, bool in pairs{...} do
if bool then bStr = bStr .. "1" else bStr = bStr .. "0" end
end
return bStr
end
-- Little driver function to neaten use of the adder
function add (n1, n2)
local A, B = toBool(n1), toBool(n2)
local v, s0, s1, s2, s3 = fourBitAdder ( A[1], A[2], A[3], A[4],
B[1], B[2], B[3], B[4]
)
return toBits(s0, s1, s2, s3), v
local A, B = toBool(n1), toBool(n2)
local v, s0, s1, s2, s3 = fourBitAdder( A[1], A[2], A[3], A[4],
B[1], B[2], B[3], B[4] )
return toBits(s0, s1, s2, s3), v
end
-- Main procedure (usage examples)

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xor(a,b)=(!a&b)|(a&!b);
halfadd(a,b)=[a&b,xor(a,b)];
fulladd(a,b,c)=my(t=halfadd(a,c),s=halfadd(t[2],b));[t[1]|s[1],s[2]];
xor(a,b)=(!a&b)||(a&!b);
halfadd(a,b)=[a&&b,xor(a,b)];
fulladd(a,b,c)=my(t=halfadd(a,c),s=halfadd(t[2],b));[t[1]||s[1],s[2]];
add4(a3,a2,a1,a0,b3,b2,b1,b0)={
my(s0,s1,s2,s3);
s0=fulladd(a0,b0,0);

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sub xor ($a, $b) { ($a and not $b) or (not $a and $b) }
sub xor ($a, $b) { (($a and not $b) or (not $a and $b)) ?? 1 !! 0 }
sub half-adder ($a, $b) {
return xor($a, $b), ($a and $b);

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$source = @'
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace RosettaCodeTasks.FourBitAdder
{
public struct BitAdderOutput
{
public bool S { get; set; }
public bool C { get; set; }
public override string ToString ( )
{
return "S" + ( S ? "1" : "0" ) + "C" + ( C ? "1" : "0" );
}
}
public struct Nibble
{
public bool _1 { get; set; }
public bool _2 { get; set; }
public bool _3 { get; set; }
public bool _4 { get; set; }
public override string ToString ( )
{
return ( _4 ? "1" : "0" )
+ ( _3 ? "1" : "0" )
+ ( _2 ? "1" : "0" )
+ ( _1 ? "1" : "0" );
}
}
public struct FourBitAdderOutput
{
public Nibble N { get; set; }
public bool C { get; set; }
public override string ToString ( )
{
return N.ToString ( ) + "c" + ( C ? "1" : "0" );
}
}
public static class LogicGates
{
// Basic Gates
public static bool Not ( bool A ) { return !A; }
public static bool And ( bool A, bool B ) { return A && B; }
public static bool Or ( bool A, bool B ) { return A || B; }
// Composite Gates
public static bool Xor ( bool A, bool B ) { return Or ( And ( A, Not ( B ) ), ( And ( Not ( A ), B ) ) ); }
}
public static class ConstructiveBlocks
{
public static BitAdderOutput HalfAdder ( bool A, bool B )
{
return new BitAdderOutput ( ) { S = LogicGates.Xor ( A, B ), C = LogicGates.And ( A, B ) };
}
public static BitAdderOutput FullAdder ( bool A, bool B, bool CI )
{
BitAdderOutput HA1 = HalfAdder ( CI, A );
BitAdderOutput HA2 = HalfAdder ( HA1.S, B );
return new BitAdderOutput ( ) { S = HA2.S, C = LogicGates.Or ( HA1.C, HA2.C ) };
}
public static FourBitAdderOutput FourBitAdder ( Nibble A, Nibble B, bool CI )
{
BitAdderOutput FA1 = FullAdder ( A._1, B._1, CI );
BitAdderOutput FA2 = FullAdder ( A._2, B._2, FA1.C );
BitAdderOutput FA3 = FullAdder ( A._3, B._3, FA2.C );
BitAdderOutput FA4 = FullAdder ( A._4, B._4, FA3.C );
return new FourBitAdderOutput ( ) { N = new Nibble ( ) { _1 = FA1.S, _2 = FA2.S, _3 = FA3.S, _4 = FA4.S }, C = FA4.C };
}
public static void Test ( )
{
Console.WriteLine ( "Four Bit Adder" );
for ( int i = 0; i < 256; i++ )
{
Nibble A = new Nibble ( ) { _1 = false, _2 = false, _3 = false, _4 = false };
Nibble B = new Nibble ( ) { _1 = false, _2 = false, _3 = false, _4 = false };
if ( (i & 1) == 1)
{
A._1 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 2 ) == 2 )
{
A._2 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 4 ) == 4 )
{
A._3 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 8 ) == 8 )
{
A._4 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 16 ) == 16 )
{
B._1 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 32 ) == 32)
{
B._2 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 64 ) == 64 )
{
B._3 = true;
}
if ( ( i & 128 ) == 128 )
{
B._4 = true;
}
Console.WriteLine ( "{0} + {1} = {2}", A.ToString ( ), B.ToString ( ), FourBitAdder( A, B, false ).ToString ( ) );
}
Console.WriteLine ( );
}
}
}
'@
Add-Type -TypeDefinition $source -Language CSharpVersion3

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[RosettaCodeTasks.FourBitAdder.ConstructiveBlocks]::Test()

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/*REXX program shows (all) the sums of a full 4─bit adder (with carry).*/
call hdr1; call hdr2 /*note order of headers (& below)*/
/* [↓] traipse all possibilities*/
/*REXX program displays (all) the sums of a full 4─bit adder (with carry). */
call hdr1; call hdr2 /*note the order of headers & trailers.*/
/* [↓] traipse thru all possibilities.*/
do j=0 for 16
do m=0 for 4; a.m=bit(j,m); end
do m=0 for 4; a.m=bit(j, m); end /*m*/
do k=0 for 16
do m=0 for 4; b.m=bit(k,m); end
do m=0 for 4; b.m=bit(k, m); end /*m*/
sc=4bitAdder(a., b.)
z=a.3 a.2 a.1 a.0 '_+_' b.3 b.2 b.1 b.0 '_=_' sc ',' s.3 s.2 s.1 s.0
say translate(space(z,0),,'_') /*remove all underbars (_) from Z*/
z=a.3 a.2 a.1 a.0 '_+_' b.3 b.2 b.1 b.0 "_=_" sc ',' s.3 s.2 s.1 s.0
say translate(space(z, 0), , '_') /*remove all the underbars (_) from Z. */
end /*k*/
end /*j*/
call hdr2; call hdr1 /*display 2 headers (note order).*/
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/
/*──────────────────────────────────one─line subroutines────────────────*/
bit: procedure; arg x,y; return substr(reverse(x2b(d2x(x))),y+1,1)
halfAdder: procedure expose c; parse arg x,y; c=x & y; return x && y
hdr1: say 'aaaa + bbbb = c, sum [c=carry]'; return
hdr2: say ' ' ; return
/*──────────────────────────────────FULLADDER subroutine────────────────*/
fullAdder: procedure expose c; parse arg x,y,fc
_1 = halfAdder(fc,x); c1=c
_2 = halfAdder(_1,y); c=c | c1; return _2
/*──────────────────────────────────4BITADDER subroutine────────────────*/
call hdr2; call hdr1 /*display two trailers (note the order)*/
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
bit: procedure; parse arg x,y; return substr( reverse( x2b( d2x(x) ) ), y+1, 1)
halfAdder: procedure expose c; parse arg x,y; c=x & y; return x && y
hdr1: say 'aaaa + bbbb = c, sum [c=carry]'; return
hdr2: say ' ' ; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
fullAdder: procedure expose c; parse arg x,y,fc
_1=halfAdder(fc, x); c1=c
_2=halfAdder(_1, y); c=c | c1; return _2
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
4bitAdder: procedure expose s. a. b.; carry.=0
do j=0 for 4; n=j-1
s.j=fullAdder(a.j, b.j, carry.n); carry.j=c
end /*j*/
return c
do j=0 for 4; n=j-1
s.j=fullAdder(a.j, b.j, carry.n); carry.j=c
end /*j*/
return c

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#!/bin/sed -f
# (C) 2005,2014 by Mariusz Woloszyn :)
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adder_(electronics)
##############################
# PURE SED BINARY FULL ADDER #
##############################
# Input two lines, sanitize input
N
s/ //g
/^[01 ]\+\n[01 ]\+$/! {
i\
ERROR: WRONG INPUT DATA
d
q
}
s/[ ]//g
# Add place for Sum and Cary bit
s/$/\n\n0/
:LOOP
# Pick A,B and C bits and put that to hold
s/^\(.*\)\(.\)\n\(.*\)\(.\)\n\(.*\)\n\(.\)$/0\1\n0\3\n\5\n\6\2\4/
h
# Grab just A,B,C
s/^.*\n.*\n.*\n\(...\)$/\1/
# binary full adder module
# INPUT: 3bits (A,B,Carry in), for example 101
# OUTPUT: 2bits (Carry, Sum), for wxample 10
s/$/;000=00001=01010=01011=10100=01101=10110=10111=11/
s/^\(...\)[^;]*;[^;]*\1=\(..\).*/\2/
# Append the sum to hold
H
# Rewrite the output, append the sum bit to final sum
g
s/^\(.*\)\n\(.*\)\n\(.*\)\n...\n\(.\)\(.\)$/\1\n\2\n\5\3\n\4/
# Output result and exit if no more bits to process..
/^\([0]*\)\n\([0]*\)\n/ {
s/^.*\n.*\n\(.*\)\n\(.\)/\2\1/
s/^0\(.*\)/\1/
q
}
b LOOP

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./binAdder.sed
1111110111
1
1111111000
./binAdder.sed
10
10001
10011
./binAdder.sed
0 1 1 0
0 0 0 1
111