from collections import namedtuple import math Circle = namedtuple('Circle', 'x, y, r') def solveApollonius(c1, c2, c3, s1, s2, s3): ''' >>> solveApollonius((0, 0, 1), (4, 0, 1), (2, 4, 2), 1,1,1) Circle(x=2.0, y=2.1, r=3.9) >>> solveApollonius((0, 0, 1), (4, 0, 1), (2, 4, 2), -1,-1,-1) Circle(x=2.0, y=0.8333333333333333, r=1.1666666666666667) ''' x1, y1, r1 = c1 x2, y2, r2 = c2 x3, y3, r3 = c3 v11 = 2*x2 - 2*x1 v12 = 2*y2 - 2*y1 v13 = x1*x1 - x2*x2 + y1*y1 - y2*y2 - r1*r1 + r2*r2 v14 = 2*s2*r2 - 2*s1*r1 v21 = 2*x3 - 2*x2 v22 = 2*y3 - 2*y2 v23 = x2*x2 - x3*x3 + y2*y2 - y3*y3 - r2*r2 + r3*r3 v24 = 2*s3*r3 - 2*s2*r2 w12 = v12/v11 w13 = v13/v11 w14 = v14/v11 w22 = v22/v21-w12 w23 = v23/v21-w13 w24 = v24/v21-w14 P = -w23/w22 Q = w24/w22 M = -w12*P-w13 N = w14 - w12*Q a = N*N + Q*Q - 1 b = 2*M*N - 2*N*x1 + 2*P*Q - 2*Q*y1 + 2*s1*r1 c = x1*x1 + M*M - 2*M*x1 + P*P + y1*y1 - 2*P*y1 - r1*r1 # Find a root of a quadratic equation. This requires the circle centers not to be e.g. colinear D = b*b-4*a*c rs = (-b-math.sqrt(D))/(2*a) xs = M+N*rs ys = P+Q*rs return Circle(xs, ys, rs) if __name__ == '__main__': c1, c2, c3 = Circle(0, 0, 1), Circle(4, 0, 1), Circle(2, 4, 2) print(solveApollonius(c1, c2, c3, 1, 1, 1)) #Expects "Circle[x=2.00,y=2.10,r=3.90]" (green circle in image) print(solveApollonius(c1, c2, c3, -1, -1, -1)) #Expects "Circle[x=2.00,y=0.83,r=1.17]" (red circle in image)