# Return 'inf'::DOUBLE if the value is too large
# Assume limits is sorted
create or replace function classify(x, limits) as (
  with recursive cte as (
    select 0 as i, null as found
    union all
    select i+1, if(x < limits[1+i], limits[1+i], null) as found
    from cte
    where found is null and i < length(limits)
  )
  select coalesce(last(found order by i), 'inf'::DOUBLE) from cte
);

create or replace function bins(data, limits) as table (
  select value, classify(value, limits)
  from unnest(data) _(value)
);

set variable limits  = [23, 37, 43, 53, 67, 83];
set variable data = [95,21,94,12,99,4,70,75,83,93,52,80,57,5,53,86,65,17,92,83,71,61,54,58,47,
           16, 8, 9,32,84,7,87,46,19,30,37,96,6,98,40,79,97,45,64,60,29,49,36,43,55];

select histogram(boundary)
from bins(getvariable('data'), getvariable('limits') ) t(value, boundary);