-77 Constant UTF-8-err

$80 Constant max-single-byte

: u8@+ ( u8addr -- u8addr' u )
    count  dup max-single-byte u< ?EXIT  \ special case ASCII
    dup $C2 u< IF  UTF-8-err throw  THEN  \ malformed character
    $7F and  $40 >r
    BEGIN  dup r@ and  WHILE  r@ xor
	    6 lshift r> 5 lshift >r >r count
	    dup $C0 and $80 <> IF   UTF-8-err throw  THEN
	    $3F and r> or
    REPEAT  rdrop ;

: u8!+ ( u u8addr -- u8addr' )
    over max-single-byte u< IF  tuck c! 1+  EXIT  THEN \ special case ASCII
    >r 0 swap  $3F
    BEGIN  2dup u>  WHILE
	    2/ >r  dup $3F and $80 or swap 6 rshift r>
    REPEAT  $7F xor 2* or  r>
    BEGIN   over $80 u>= WHILE  tuck c! 1+  REPEAT  nip ;