RosettaCodeData/Task/Zeckendorf-arithmetic/Haskell/zeckendorf-arithmetic.hs
2023-07-01 13:44:08 -04:00

186 lines
5 KiB
Haskell

{-# LANGUAGE LambdaCase #-}
import Data.List (find, mapAccumL)
import Control.Arrow (first, second)
-- Generalized Fibonacci series defined for any Num instance, and for Zeckendorf numbers as well.
-- Used to build Zeckendorf tables.
fibs :: Num a => a -> a -> [a]
fibs a b = res
where
res = a : b : zipWith (+) res (tail res)
data Fib = Fib { sign :: Int, digits :: [Int]}
-- smart constructor
mkFib s ds =
case dropWhile (==0) ds of
[] -> 0
ds -> Fib s (reverse ds)
-- Textual representation
instance Show Fib where
show (Fib s ds) = sig s ++ foldMap show (reverse ds)
where sig = \case { -1 -> "-"; s -> "" }
-- Equivalence relation
instance Eq Fib where
Fib sa a == Fib sb b = sa == sb && a == b
-- Order relation
instance Ord Fib where
a `compare` b =
sign a `compare` sign b <>
case find (/= 0) $ alignWith (-) (digits a) (digits b) of
Nothing -> EQ
Just 1 -> if sign a > 0 then GT else LT
Just (-1) -> if sign a > 0 then LT else GT
-- Arithmetic
instance Num Fib where
negate (Fib s ds) = Fib (negate s) ds
abs (Fib s ds) = Fib 1 ds
signum (Fib s _) = fromIntegral s
fromInteger n =
case compare n 0 of
LT -> negate $ fromInteger (- n)
EQ -> Fib 0 [0]
GT -> Fib 1 . reverse . fst $ divModFib n 1
0 + a = a
a + 0 = a
a + b =
case (sign a, sign b) of
( 1, 1) -> res
(-1, 1) -> b - (-a)
( 1,-1) -> a - (-b)
(-1,-1) -> - ((- a) + (- b))
where
res = mkFib 1 . process $ 0:0:c
c = alignWith (+) (digits a) (digits b)
-- use cellular automata
process =
runRight 3 r2 . runLeftR 3 r2 . runRightR 4 r1
0 - a = -a
a - 0 = a
a - b =
case (sign a, sign b) of
( 1, 1) -> res
(-1, 1) -> - ((-a) + b)
( 1,-1) -> a + (-b)
(-1,-1) -> - ((-a) - (-b))
where
res = case find (/= 0) c of
Just 1 -> mkFib 1 . process $ c
Just (-1) -> - (b - a)
Nothing -> 0
c = alignWith (-) (digits a) (digits b)
-- use cellular automata
process =
runRight 3 r2 . runLeftR 3 r2 . runRightR 4 r1 . runRight 3 r3
0 * a = 0
a * 0 = 0
1 * a = a
a * 1 = a
a * b =
case (sign a, sign b) of
(1, 1) -> res
(-1, 1) -> - ((-a) * b)
( 1,-1) -> - (a * (-b))
(-1,-1) -> ((-a) * (-b))
where
-- use Zeckendorf table
table = fibs a (a + a)
res = sum $ onlyOnes $ zip (digits b) table
onlyOnes = map snd . filter ((==1) . fst)
-- Enumeration
instance Enum Fib where
toEnum = fromInteger . fromIntegral
fromEnum = fromIntegral . toInteger
instance Real Fib where
toRational = fromInteger . toInteger
-- Integral division
instance Integral Fib where
toInteger (Fib s ds) = signum (fromIntegral s) * res
where
res = sum (zipWith (*) (fibs 1 2) (fromIntegral <$> ds))
quotRem 0 _ = (0, 0)
quotRem a 0 = error "divide by zero"
quotRem a b = case (sign a, sign b) of
(1, 1) -> first (mkFib 1) $ divModFib a b
(-1, 1) -> second negate . first negate $ quotRem (-a) b
( 1,-1) -> first negate $ quotRem a (-b)
(-1,-1) -> second negate $ quotRem (-a) (-b)
------------------------------------------------------------
-- helper funtions
-- general division using Zeckendorf table
divModFib :: (Ord a, Num c, Num a) => a -> a -> ([c], a)
divModFib a b = (q, r)
where
(r, q) = mapAccumL f a $ reverse $ takeWhile (<= a) table
table = fibs b (b+b)
f n x = if n < x then (n, 0) else (n - x, 1)
-- application of rewriting rules
-- runs window from left to right
runRight n f = go
where
go [] = []
go lst = let (w, r) = splitAt n lst
(h: t) = f w
in h : go (t ++ r)
-- runs window from left to right and reverses the result
runRightR n f = go []
where
go res [] = res
go res lst = let (w, r) = splitAt n lst
(h: t) = f w
in go (h : res) (t ++ r)
-- runs reversed window and reverses the result
runLeftR n f = runRightR n (reverse . f . reverse)
-- rewriting rules from [C. Ahlbach et. all]
r1 = \case [0,3,0] -> [1,1,1]
[0,2,0] -> [1,0,1]
[0,1,2] -> [1,0,1]
[0,2,1] -> [1,1,0]
[x,0,2] -> [x,1,0]
[x,0,3] -> [x,1,1]
[0,1,2,0] -> [1,0,1,0]
[0,2,0,x] -> [1,0,0,x+1]
[0,3,0,x] -> [1,1,0,x+1]
[0,2,1,x] -> [1,1,0,x ]
[0,1,2,x] -> [1,0,1,x ]
l -> l
r2 = \case [0,1,1] -> [1,0,0]
l -> l
r3 = \case [1,-1] -> [0,1]
[2,-1] -> [1,1]
[1, 0, 0] -> [0,1,1]
[1,-1, 0] -> [0,0,1]
[1,-1, 1] -> [0,0,2]
[1, 0,-1] -> [0,1,0]
[2, 0, 0] -> [1,1,1]
[2,-1, 0] -> [1,0,1]
[2,-1, 1] -> [1,0,2]
[2, 0,-1] -> [1,1,0]
l -> l
alignWith :: (Int -> Int -> a) -> [Int] -> [Int] -> [a]
alignWith f a b = go [] a b
where
go res as [] = ((`f` 0) <$> reverse as) ++ res
go res [] bs = ((0 `f`) <$> reverse bs) ++ res
go res (a:as) (b:bs) = go (f a b : res) as bs