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Fix broken links, use https over http, replace redirects
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33 changed files with 115 additions and 114 deletions
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@ -251,8 +251,8 @@ depending on how many nodes are communicating and the size of the message. Using
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multiple algorithms allows one to minimize latency for small messages and
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minimize bandwidth for long messages.
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We will focus here on the implementation of broadcast in the MPICH2_
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implementation. For short messages, MPICH2 uses a `binomial tree`_ algorithm. In
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We will focus here on the implementation of broadcast in the MPICH_
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implementation. For short messages, MPICH uses a `binomial tree`_ algorithm. In
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this algorithm, the root process sends the data to one node in the first step,
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and then in the subsequent, both the root and the other node can send the data
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to other nodes. Thus, it takes a total of :math:`\lceil \log_2 p \rceil` steps
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@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ to complete the communication. The time to complete the communication is
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This algorithm works well for short messages since the latency term scales
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logarithmically with the number of nodes. However, for long messages, an
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algorithm that has lower bandwidth has been proposed by Barnett_ and implemented
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in MPICH2. Rather than using a binomial tree, the broadcast is divided into a
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in MPICH. Rather than using a binomial tree, the broadcast is divided into a
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scatter and an allgather. The time to complete the scatter is :math:` \log_2 p
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\: \alpha + \frac{p-1}{p} N\beta` using a binomial tree algorithm. The allgather
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is performed using a ring algorithm that completes in :math:`p-1) \alpha +
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@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ is actually independent of the number of nodes:
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.. _Brissenden and Garlick: https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-4549(86)90095-2
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.. _MPICH2: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich
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.. _MPICH: http://www.mpich.org
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.. _binomial tree: https://www.mcs.anl.gov/~thakur/papers/ijhpca-coll.pdf
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@ -629,19 +629,19 @@ is actually independent of the number of nodes:
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.. _message-passing interface: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_Passing_Interface
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.. _PVM: http://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/pvm_home.html
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.. _PVM: https://www.csm.ornl.gov/pvm/pvm_home.html
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.. _MPI: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/
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.. _MPI: https://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/
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.. _embarrassingly parallel: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarrassingly_parallel
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.. _sends: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/www/www3/MPI_Send.html
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.. _sends: https://www.mpich.org//static/docs/latest/www3/MPI_Send.html
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.. _broadcasts: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/www/www3/MPI_Bcast.html
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.. _broadcasts: https://www.mpich.org//static/docs/latest/www3/MPI_Bcast.html
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.. _scatter: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/www/www3/MPI_Scatter.html
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.. _scatter: https://www.mpich.org//static/docs/latest/www3/MPI_Scatter.html
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.. _allgather: http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpi/www/www3/MPI_Allgather.html
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.. _allgather: https://www.mpich.org//static/docs/latest/www3/MPI_Allgather.html
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.. _Cauchy distribution: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy_distribution
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