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Various fixes and updates in documentation
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10 changed files with 125 additions and 130 deletions
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@ -8,13 +8,14 @@ Cross Section Representations
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Continuous-Energy Data
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----------------------
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The data governing the interaction of neutrons with
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various nuclei for continous-energy problems are represented using the ACE
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format which is used by MCNP_ and Serpent_. ACE-format data can be generated
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with the NJOY_ nuclear data processing system which converts raw
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`ENDF/B data`_ into linearly-interpolable data as required by most Monte Carlo
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codes. The use of a standard cross section format allows for a direct comparison
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of OpenMC with other codes since the same cross section libraries can be used.
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In OpenMC, the data governing the interaction of neutrons with various nuclei
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for continous-energy problems are represented using an HDF5 format that can be
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produced by converting files in the ACE format, which is used by MCNP_ and
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Serpent_. ACE-format data can be generated with the NJOY_ nuclear data
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processing system, which converts raw `ENDF/B data`_ into linearly-interpolable
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data as required by most Monte Carlo codes. Since ACE-format data can be
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converted into OpenMC's HDF5 format, it is possible to perform direct comparison
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of OpenMC with other codes using the same underlying nuclear data library.
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The ACE format contains continuous-energy cross sections for the following types
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of reactions: elastic scattering, fission (or first-chance fission,
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@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ data can be used.
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Energy Grid Methods
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-------------------
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The method by which continuous energy cross sections for each nuclide in a
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The method by which continuous-energy cross sections for each nuclide in a
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problem are stored as a function of energy can have a substantial effect on the
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performance of a Monte Carlo simulation. Since the ACE format is based on
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linearly-interpolable cross sections, each nuclide has cross sections tabulated
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@ -72,9 +73,9 @@ Windowed Multipole Representation
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---------------------------------
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In addition to the usual pointwise representation of cross sections, OpenMC
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offers support for an experimental data format called windowed multipole (WMP).
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This data format requires less memory than pointwise cross sections, and it
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allows on-the-fly Doppler broadening to arbitrary temperature.
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offers support for an data format called windowed multipole (WMP). This data
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format requires less memory than pointwise cross sections, and it allows
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on-the-fly Doppler broadening to arbitrary temperature.
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The multipole method was introduced by Hwang_ and the faster windowed multipole
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method by Josey_. In the multipole format, cross section resonances are
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@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ where a material has a very large cross sections relative to the other material
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used to minimize this error.
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Finally, the above options for representing the physics do not have to be
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consistent across the problem. The number of groups and the structure, however,
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consistent across the problem. The number of groups and the structure, however,
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does have to be consistent across the data sets. That is to say that each
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microscopic or macroscopic data set does not have to apply the same scattering
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expansion, treatment of multiplicity or angular representation of the cross
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@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
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Heating and Energy Deposition
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=============================
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As particles traverse a problem, some portion of their energy is deposited at
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As particles traverse a problem, some portion of their energy is deposited at
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collision sites. This energy is deposited when charged particles, including
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electrons and recoil nuclei, undergo electromagnetic interactions with
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surrounding electons and ions. The information describing how much energy
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is deposited for a specific reaction is referred to as
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is deposited for a specific reaction is referred to as
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"heating numbers" and can be computed using a program like NJOY with the
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``heatr`` module.
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@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Neutron Transport
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For this case, OpenMC instructs ``heatr`` to produce heating coefficients
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assuming that energy from photons, :math:`E_{\gamma, p}` and
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:math:`E_{\gamma, d}`, is deposited at the fission site.
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Let :math:`N901` represent the total heating number returned from this ``heatr``
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Let :math:`N901` represent the total heating number returned from this ``heatr``
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run with :math:`N918` reflecting fission heating computed from NJOY.
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:math:`M901` represent the following modification
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@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ run with :math:`N918` reflecting fission heating computed from NJOY.
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+ E_{i, \gamma, d}\right]\sigma_{i, f}(E).
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This modified heating data is stored as the MT=901 reaction and will be scored
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if ``901`` is included in :attr:`openmc.Tally.scores`.
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if ``heating-local`` is included in :attr:`openmc.Tally.scores`.
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Coupled neutron-photon transport
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--------------------------------
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@ -146,4 +146,4 @@ References
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.. [Mack97] Abdou, M.A., Maynard, C.W., and Wright, R.Q. MACK: computer
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program to calculate neutron energy release parameters (fluence-to-kerma
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factors) and multigroup neutron reaction cross sections from nuclear data
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in ENDF Format. Oak Ridge National Laboratory report ORNL-TM-3994.
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in ENDF Format. Oak Ridge National Laboratory report ORNL-TM-3994.
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@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ be performed before the run is finished. This include the following:
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- If requested, a source file is written to disk.
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- All allocatable arrays are deallocated.
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- Dynamically-allocated memory should be freed.
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.. _probability distributions: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution
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.. _Monte Carlo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte_Carlo_method
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@ -1298,11 +1298,10 @@ section over the range of velocities considered:
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where it should be noted that the maximum is taken over the range :math:`[v_n -
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4/\beta, 4_n + 4\beta]`. This method is known as Doppler broadening rejection
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correction (DBRC) and was first introduced by `Becker et al.`_. OpenMC has an
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implementation of DBRC as well as an accelerated sampling method that are
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described fully in `Walsh et al.`_
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implementation of DBRC as well as an accelerated sampling method that samples the `relative velocity`_ directly.
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.. _Becker et al.: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2008.12.001
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.. _Walsh et al.: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2014.01.017
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.. _relative velocity: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2017.12.044
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.. _sab_tables:
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