September Morn Update

This commit is contained in:
Ingy döt Net 2019-09-12 10:33:56 -07:00
parent 4e2d22a71d
commit aac6731f2c
6856 changed files with 141342 additions and 21127 deletions

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@ -29,12 +29,13 @@ For this task, the Stern-Brocot sequence is to be generated by an algorithm simi
<br>Show your output on this page.
;Related tasks:
:* &nbsp; [[Fusc sequence]].
:* &nbsp; [[Continued fraction/Arithmetic]]
;Ref:
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpwUVExX27E Infinite Fractions - Numberphile] (Video).
* [http://www.ams.org/samplings/feature-column/fcarc-stern-brocot Trees, Teeth, and Time: The mathematics of clock making].
* [https://oeis.org/A002487 A002487] The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences.
;Related Tasks:
* [[Continued fraction/Arithmetic]]
<br><br>

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@ -0,0 +1 @@
--- {}

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@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
* Stern-Brocot sequence - 12/03/2019
STERNBR CSECT
USING STERNBR,R13 base register
B 72(R15) skip savearea
DC 17F'0' savearea
SAVE (14,12) save previous context
ST R13,4(R15) link backward
ST R15,8(R13) link forward
LR R13,R15 set addressability
LA R4,SB+2 k=2; @sb(k)
LA R2,SB+2 i=1; @sb(k-i)
LA R3,SB+0 j=2; @sb(k-j)
LA R1,NN/2 loop counter
LOOP LA R4,2(R4) @sb(k)++
LH R0,0(R2) sb(k-i)
AH R0,0(R3) sb(k-i)+sb(k-j)
STH R0,0(R4) sb(k)=sb(k-i)+sb(k-j)
LA R3,2(R3) @sb(k-j)++
LA R4,2(R4) @sb(k)++
LH R0,0(R3) sb(k-j)
STH R0,0(R4) sb(k)=sb(k-j)
LA R2,2(R2) @sb(k-i)++
BCT R1,LOOP end loop
LA R9,15 n=15
MVC PG(5),=CL80'FIRST'
XDECO R9,XDEC edit n
MVC PG+5(3),XDEC+9 output n
XPRNT PG,L'PG print buffer
LA R10,PG @pg
LA R6,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(CR,R6,LE,R9) do i=1 to n
LR R1,R6 i
SLA R1,1 ~
LH R2,SB-2(R1) sb(i)
XDECO R2,XDEC edit sb(i)
MVC 0(4,R10),XDEC+8 output sb(i)
LA R10,4(R10) @pg+=4
LA R6,1(R6) i++
ENDDO , enddo i
XPRNT PG,L'PG print buffer
LA R7,1 j=1
DO WHILE=(C,R7,LE,=A(11)) do j=1 to 11
IF C,R7,EQ,=F'11' THEN if j=11 then
LA R7,100 j=100
ENDIF , endif
LA R6,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,R6,LE,=A(NN)) do i=1 to nn
LR R1,R6 i
SLA R1,1 ~
LH R2,SB-2(R1) sb(i)
CR R2,R7 if sb(i)=j
BE EXITI then leave i
LA R6,1(R6) i++
ENDDO , enddo i
EXITI MVC PG,=CL80'FIRST INSTANCE OF'
XDECO R7,XDEC edit j
MVC PG+17(4),XDEC+8 output j
MVC PG+21(7),=C' IS AT '
XDECO R6,XDEC edit i
MVC PG+28(4),XDEC+8 output i
XPRNT PG,L'PG print buffer
LA R7,1(R7) j++
ENDDO , enddo j
L R13,4(0,R13) restore previous savearea pointer
RETURN (14,12),RC=0 restore registers from calling sav
LTORG
NN EQU 2400 nn
PG DC CL80' ' buffer
XDEC DS CL12 temp for xdeco
SB DC (NN)H'1' sb(nn)
REGEQU
END STERNBR

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@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
k=2; i=1; j=2;
while(k<nn);
k++; sb[k]=sb[k-i]+sb[k-j];
k++; sb[k]=sb[k-j];
i++; j++;
}

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@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
LA R4,SB+2 k=2; @sb(k)
LA R2,SB+2 i=1; @sb(k-i)
LA R3,SB+0 j=2; @sb(k-j)
LA R1,NN/2 k=nn/2 'loop counter
LOOP LA R4,2(R4) @sb(k)++
LH R0,0(R2) sb(k-i)
AH R0,0(R3) sb(k-i)+sb(k-j)
STH R0,0(R4) sb(k)=sb(k-i)+sb(k-j)
LA R3,2(R3) @sb(k-j)++
LA R4,2(R4) @sb(k)++
LH R0,0(R3) sb(k-j)
STH R0,0(R4) sb(k)=sb(k-j)
LA R2,2(R2) @sb(k-i)++
BCT R1,LOOP k--; if k>0 then goto loop

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@ -0,0 +1,518 @@
use AppleScript version "2.4"
use framework "Foundation"
use scripting additions
-- sternBrocot :: Generator [Int]
on sternBrocot()
script go
on |λ|(xs)
set x to snd(xs)
tail(xs) & {fst(xs) + x, x}
end |λ|
end script
fmapGen(my head, iterate(go, {1, 1}))
end sternBrocot
-- TEST ------------------------------------------------------------------
on run
set sbs to take(1200, sternBrocot())
set ixSB to zip(sbs, enumFrom(1))
script low
on |λ|(x)
12 fst(x)
end |λ|
end script
script sameFst
on |λ|(a, b)
fst(a) = fst(b)
end |λ|
end script
script asList
on |λ|(x)
{fst(x), snd(x)}
end |λ|
end script
script below100
on |λ|(x)
100 fst(x)
end |λ|
end script
script fullyReduced
on |λ|(ab)
1 = gcd(|1| of ab, |2| of ab)
end |λ|
end script
unlines(map(showJSON, ¬
{take(15, sbs), ¬
take(10, map(asList, ¬
nubBy(sameFst, ¬
sortBy(comparing(fst), ¬
takeWhile(low, ixSB))))), ¬
asList's |λ|(fst(take(1, dropWhile(below100, ixSB)))), ¬
all(fullyReduced, take(1000, zip(sbs, tail(sbs))))}))
end run
--> [1,1,2,1,3,2,3,1,4,3,5,2,5,3,4]
--> [[1,32],[2,24],[3,40],[4,36],[5,44],[6,33],[7,38],[8,42],[9,35],[10,39]]
--> [100,1179]
--> true
-- GENERIC ABSTRACTIONS -------------------------------------------------------
-- Absolute value.
-- abs :: Num -> Num
on abs(x)
if 0 > x then
-x
else
x
end if
end abs
-- Applied to a predicate and a list, `all` determines if all elements
-- of the list satisfy the predicate.
-- all :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> Bool
on all(p, xs)
tell mReturn(p)
set lng to length of xs
repeat with i from 1 to lng
if not |λ|(item i of xs, i, xs) then return false
end repeat
true
end tell
end all
-- comparing :: (a -> b) -> (a -> a -> Ordering)
on comparing(f)
script
on |λ|(a, b)
tell mReturn(f)
set fa to |λ|(a)
set fb to |λ|(b)
if fa < fb then
-1
else if fa > fb then
1
else
0
end if
end tell
end |λ|
end script
end comparing
-- drop :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
-- drop :: Int -> String -> String
on drop(n, xs)
set c to class of xs
if c is not script then
if c is not string then
if n < length of xs then
items (1 + n) thru -1 of xs
else
{}
end if
else
if n < length of xs then
text (1 + n) thru -1 of xs
else
""
end if
end if
else
take(n, xs) -- consumed
return xs
end if
end drop
-- dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
-- dropWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> String -> String
on dropWhile(p, xs)
set lng to length of xs
set i to 1
tell mReturn(p)
repeat while i lng and |λ|(item i of xs)
set i to i + 1
end repeat
end tell
drop(i - 1, xs)
end dropWhile
-- enumFrom :: a -> [a]
on enumFrom(x)
script
property v : missing value
property blnNum : class of x is not text
on |λ|()
if missing value is not v then
if blnNum then
set v to 1 + v
else
set v to succ(v)
end if
else
set v to x
end if
return v
end |λ|
end script
end enumFrom
-- filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
on filter(f, xs)
tell mReturn(f)
set lst to {}
set lng to length of xs
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set v to item i of xs
if |λ|(v, i, xs) then set end of lst to v
end repeat
return lst
end tell
end filter
-- fmapGen <$> :: (a -> b) -> Gen [a] -> Gen [b]
on fmapGen(f, gen)
script
property g : gen
property mf : mReturn(f)'s |λ|
on |λ|()
set v to g's |λ|()
if v is missing value then
v
else
mf(v)
end if
end |λ|
end script
end fmapGen
-- fst :: (a, b) -> a
on fst(tpl)
if class of tpl is record then
|1| of tpl
else
item 1 of tpl
end if
end fst
-- gcd :: Int -> Int -> Int
on gcd(a, b)
set x to abs(a)
set y to abs(b)
repeat until y = 0
if x > y then
set x to x - y
else
set y to y - x
end if
end repeat
return x
end gcd
-- head :: [a] -> a
on head(xs)
if xs = {} then
missing value
else
item 1 of xs
end if
end head
-- iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> Gen [a]
on iterate(f, x)
script
property v : missing value
property g : mReturn(f)'s |λ|
on |λ|()
if missing value is v then
set v to x
else
set v to g(v)
end if
return v
end |λ|
end script
end iterate
-- length :: [a] -> Int
on |length|(xs)
set c to class of xs
if list is c or string is c then
length of xs
else
(2 ^ 29 - 1) -- (maxInt - simple proxy for non-finite)
end if
end |length|
-- map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
on map(f, xs)
tell mReturn(f)
set lng to length of xs
set lst to {}
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set end of lst to |λ|(item i of xs, i, xs)
end repeat
return lst
end tell
end map
-- min :: Ord a => a -> a -> a
on min(x, y)
if y < x then
y
else
x
end if
end min
-- Lift 2nd class handler function into 1st class script wrapper
-- mReturn :: First-class m => (a -> b) -> m (a -> b)
on mReturn(f)
if class of f is script then
f
else
script
property |λ| : f
end script
end if
end mReturn
-- nubBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
on nubBy(f, xs)
set g to mReturn(f)'s |λ|
script notEq
property fEq : g
on |λ|(a)
script
on |λ|(b)
not fEq(a, b)
end |λ|
end script
end |λ|
end script
script go
on |λ|(xs)
if (length of xs) > 1 then
set x to item 1 of xs
{x} & go's |λ|(filter(notEq's |λ|(x), items 2 thru -1 of xs))
else
xs
end if
end |λ|
end script
go's |λ|(xs)
end nubBy
-- partition :: predicate -> List -> (Matches, nonMatches)
-- partition :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
on partition(f, xs)
tell mReturn(f)
set ys to {}
set zs to {}
repeat with x in xs
set v to contents of x
if |λ|(v) then
set end of ys to v
else
set end of zs to v
end if
end repeat
end tell
Tuple(ys, zs)
end partition
-- showJSON :: a -> String
on showJSON(x)
set c to class of x
if (c is list) or (c is record) then
set ca to current application
set {json, e} to ca's NSJSONSerialization's dataWithJSONObject:x options:0 |error|:(reference)
if json is missing value then
e's localizedDescription() as text
else
(ca's NSString's alloc()'s initWithData:json encoding:(ca's NSUTF8StringEncoding)) as text
end if
else if c is date then
"\"" & ((x - (time to GMT)) as «class isot» as string) & ".000Z" & "\""
else if c is text then
"\"" & x & "\""
else if (c is integer or c is real) then
x as text
else if c is class then
"null"
else
try
x as text
on error
("«" & c as text) & "»"
end try
end if
end showJSON
-- snd :: (a, b) -> b
on snd(tpl)
if class of tpl is record then
|2| of tpl
else
item 2 of tpl
end if
end snd
-- Enough for small scale sorts.
-- Use instead sortOn :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
-- which is equivalent to the more flexible sortBy(comparing(f), xs)
-- and uses a much faster ObjC NSArray sort method
-- sortBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> [a]
on sortBy(f, xs)
if length of xs > 1 then
set h to item 1 of xs
set f to mReturn(f)
script
on |λ|(x)
f's |λ|(x, h) 0
end |λ|
end script
set lessMore to partition(result, rest of xs)
sortBy(f, |1| of lessMore) & {h} & ¬
sortBy(f, |2| of lessMore)
else
xs
end if
end sortBy
-- tail :: [a] -> [a]
on tail(xs)
set blnText to text is class of xs
if blnText then
set unit to ""
else
set unit to {}
end if
set lng to length of xs
if 1 > lng then
missing value
else if 2 > lng then
unit
else
if blnText then
text 2 thru -1 of xs
else
rest of xs
end if
end if
end tail
-- take :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
-- take :: Int -> String -> String
on take(n, xs)
set c to class of xs
if list is c then
if 0 < n then
items 1 thru min(n, length of xs) of xs
else
{}
end if
else if string is c then
if 0 < n then
text 1 thru min(n, length of xs) of xs
else
""
end if
else if script is c then
set ys to {}
repeat with i from 1 to n
set v to xs's |λ|()
if missing value is v then
return ys
else
set end of ys to v
end if
end repeat
return ys
else
missing value
end if
end take
-- takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
-- takeWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> String -> String
on takeWhile(p, xs)
if script is class of xs then
takeWhileGen(p, xs)
else
tell mReturn(p)
repeat with i from 1 to length of xs
if not |λ|(item i of xs) then ¬
return take(i - 1, xs)
end repeat
end tell
return xs
end if
end takeWhile
-- takeWhileGen :: (a -> Bool) -> Gen [a] -> [a]
on takeWhileGen(p, xs)
set ys to {}
set v to |λ|() of xs
tell mReturn(p)
repeat while (|λ|(v))
set end of ys to v
set v to xs's |λ|()
end repeat
end tell
return ys
end takeWhileGen
-- Tuple (,) :: a -> b -> (a, b)
on Tuple(a, b)
{type:"Tuple", |1|:a, |2|:b, length:2}
end Tuple
-- unlines :: [String] -> String
on unlines(xs)
set {dlm, my text item delimiters} to ¬
{my text item delimiters, linefeed}
set str to xs as text
set my text item delimiters to dlm
str
end unlines
-- zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)]
on zip(xs, ys)
zipWith(Tuple, xs, ys)
end zip
-- zipWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c]
on zipWith(f, xs, ys)
set lng to min(|length|(xs), |length|(ys))
if 1 > lng then return {}
set xs_ to take(lng, xs) -- Allow for non-finite
set ys_ to take(lng, ys) -- generators like cycle etc
set lst to {}
tell mReturn(f)
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set end of lst to |λ|(item i of xs_, item i of ys_)
end repeat
return lst
end tell
end zipWith

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@ -1,18 +1,34 @@
;; compute the Nth (1-based) Stern-Brocot number directly
(defn nth-stern-brocot [n]
(if (< n 2)
n
(let [h (quot n 2) h1 (inc h) hth (nth-stern-brocot h)]
(if (zero? (mod n 2)) hth (+ hth (nth-stern-brocot h1))))))
;; each step adds two items
(defn sb-step [v]
(let [i (quot (count v) 2)]
(conj v (+ (v (dec i)) (v i)) (v i))))
;; return a lazy version of the entire Stern-Brocot sequence
(defn stern-brocot
([] (stern-brocot 1))
([n] (cons (nth-stern-brocot n) (lazy-seq (stern-brocot (inc n))))))
;; A lazy, infinite sequence -- `take` what you want.
(def all-sbs (sequence (map peek) (iterate sb-step [1 1])))
(printf "Stern-Brocot numbers 1-15: %s%n"
(clojure.string/join ", " (take 15 (stern-brocot))))
;; zero-based
(defn first-appearance [n]
(first (keep-indexed (fn [i x] (when (= x n) i)) all-sbs)))
(dorun (for [n (concat (range 1 11) [100])]
(printf "The first appearance of %3d is at index %4d.%n"
n (inc (first (keep-indexed #(when (= %2 n) %1) (stern-brocot)))))))
;; inlined abs; rem is slightly faster than mod, and the same result for positive values
(defn gcd [a b]
(loop [a (if (neg? a) (- a) a)
b (if (neg? b) (- b) b)]
(if (zero? b)
a
(recur b (rem a b)))))
(defn check-pairwise-gcd [cnt]
(let [sbs (take (inc cnt) all-sbs)]
(every? #(= 1 %) (map gcd sbs (rest sbs)))))
;; one-based index required by problem statement
(defn report-sb []
(println "First 15 Stern-Brocot members:" (take 15 all-sbs))
(println "First appearance of N at 1-based index:")
(doseq [n [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 100]]
(println " first" n "at" (inc (first-appearance n))))
(println "Check pairwise GCDs = 1 ..." (check-pairwise-gcd 1000))
true)
(report-sb)

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@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
* STERN-BROCOT SEQUENCE - FORTRAN IV
DIMENSION ISB(2400)
NN=2400
ISB(1)=1
ISB(2)=1
I=1
J=2
K=2
1 IF(K.GE.NN) GOTO 2
K=K+1
ISB(K)=ISB(K-I)+ISB(K-J)
K=K+1
ISB(K)=ISB(K-J)
I=I+1
J=J+1
GOTO 1
2 N=15
WRITE(*,101) N
101 FORMAT(1X,'FIRST',I4)
WRITE(*,102) (ISB(I),I=1,15)
102 FORMAT(15I4)
DO 5 J=1,11
JJ=J
IF(J.EQ.11) JJ=100
DO 3 I=1,K
IF(ISB(I).EQ.JJ) GOTO 4
3 CONTINUE
4 WRITE(*,103) JJ,I
103 FORMAT(1X,'FIRST',I4,' AT ',I4)
5 CONTINUE
END

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@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
! Stern-Brocot sequence - Fortran 90
parameter (nn=2400)
dimension isb(nn)
isb(1)=1; isb(2)=1
i=1; j=2; k=2
do while(k.lt.nn)
k=k+1; isb(k)=isb(k-i)+isb(k-j)
k=k+1; isb(k)=isb(k-j)
i=i+1; j=j+1
end do
n=15
write(*,"(1x,'First',i4)") n
write(*,"(15i4)") (isb(i),i=1,15)
do j=1,11
jj=j
if(j==11) jj=100
do i=1,k
if(isb(i)==jj) exit
end do
write(*,"(1x,'First',i4,' at ',i4)") jj,i
end do
end

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@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
' version 02-03-2019
' compile with: fbc -s console
#Define max 2000
Dim Shared As UInteger stern(max +2)
Sub stern_brocot
stern(1) = 1
stern(2) = 1
Dim As UInteger i = 2 , n = 2, ub = UBound(stern)
Do While i < ub
i += 1
stern(i) = stern(n) + stern(n -1)
i += 1
stern(i) = stern(n)
n += 1
Loop
End Sub
Function gcd(x As UInteger, y As UInteger) As UInteger
Dim As UInteger t
While y
t = y
y = x Mod y
x = t
Wend
Return x
End Function
' ------=< MAIN >=------
Dim As UInteger i
stern_brocot
Print "The first 15 are: " ;
For i = 1 To 15
Print stern(i); " ";
Next
Print : Print
Print " Index First nr."
Dim As UInteger d = 1
For i = 1 To max
If stern(i) = d Then
Print Using " ######"; i; stern(i)
d += 1
If d = 11 Then d = 100
If d = 101 Then Exit For
i = 0
End If
Next
Print : Print
d = 0
For i = 1 To 1000
If gcd(stern(i), stern(i +1)) <> 1 Then
d = gcd(stern(i), stern(i +1))
Exit For
End If
Next
If d = 0 Then
Print "GCD of two consecutive members of the series up to the 1000th member is 1"
Else
Print "The GCD for index "; i; " and "; i +1; " = "; d
End If
' empty keyboard buffer
While Inkey <> "" : Wend
Print : Print "hit any key to end program"
Sleep
End

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@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
import Data.List (nubBy, sortBy)
import Data.Ord (comparing)
import Data.Monoid ((<>))
import Data.Function (on)
sternBrocot :: [Int]
sternBrocot =
let go (a:b:xs) = (b : xs) <> [a + b, b]
in head <$> iterate go [1, 1]
-- TEST -------------------------------------------------------------
main :: IO ()
main = do
print $ take 15 sternBrocot
print $
take 10 $
nubBy (on (==) fst) $
sortBy (comparing fst) $ takeWhile ((110 >=) . fst) $ zip sternBrocot [1 ..]
print $ take 1 $ dropWhile ((100 /=) . fst) $ zip sternBrocot [1 ..]
print $ (all ((1 ==) . uncurry gcd) . (zip <*> tail)) $ take 1000 sternBrocot

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@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
(() => {
'use strict';
const main = () => {
// sternBrocot :: Generator [Int]
const sternBrocot = () => {
const go = xs => {
const x = snd(xs);
return tail(append(xs, [fst(xs) + x, x]));
};
return fmapGen(head, iterate(go, [1, 1]));
};
// TESTS ------------------------------------------
const
sbs = take(1200, sternBrocot()),
ixSB = zip(sbs, enumFrom(1));
return unlines(map(
JSON.stringify,
[
take(15, sbs),
take(10,
map(listFromTuple,
nubBy(
on(eq, fst),
sortBy(
comparing(fst),
takeWhile(x => 12 !== fst(x), ixSB)
)
)
)
),
listFromTuple(
take(1, dropWhile(x => 100 !== fst(x), ixSB))[0]
),
all(tpl => 1 === gcd(fst(tpl), snd(tpl)),
take(1000, zip(sbs, tail(sbs)))
)
]
));
};
// GENERIC ABSTRACTIONS -------------------------------
// Just :: a -> Maybe a
const Just = x => ({
type: 'Maybe',
Nothing: false,
Just: x
});
// Nothing :: Maybe a
const Nothing = () => ({
type: 'Maybe',
Nothing: true,
});
// Tuple (,) :: a -> b -> (a, b)
const Tuple = (a, b) => ({
type: 'Tuple',
'0': a,
'1': b,
length: 2
});
// | Absolute value.
// abs :: Num -> Num
const abs = Math.abs;
// Determines whether all elements of the structure
// satisfy the predicate.
// all :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> Bool
const all = (p, xs) => xs.every(p);
// append (++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]
// append (++) :: String -> String -> String
const append = (xs, ys) => xs.concat(ys);
// chr :: Int -> Char
const chr = String.fromCodePoint;
// comparing :: (a -> b) -> (a -> a -> Ordering)
const comparing = f =>
(x, y) => {
const
a = f(x),
b = f(y);
return a < b ? -1 : (a > b ? 1 : 0);
};
// dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
// dropWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> String -> String
const dropWhile = (p, xs) => {
const lng = xs.length;
return 0 < lng ? xs.slice(
until(
i => i === lng || !p(xs[i]),
i => 1 + i,
0
)
) : [];
};
// enumFrom :: a -> [a]
function* enumFrom(x) {
let v = x;
while (true) {
yield v;
v = succ(v);
}
}
// eq (==) :: Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
const eq = (a, b) => {
const t = typeof a;
return t !== typeof b ? (
false
) : 'object' !== t ? (
'function' !== t ? (
a === b
) : a.toString() === b.toString()
) : (() => {
const aks = Object.keys(a);
return aks.length !== Object.keys(b).length ? (
false
) : aks.every(k => eq(a[k], b[k]));
})();
};
// fmapGen <$> :: (a -> b) -> Gen [a] -> Gen [b]
function* fmapGen(f, gen) {
const g = gen;
let v = take(1, g)[0];
while (0 < v.length) {
yield(f(v))
v = take(1, g)[0]
}
}
// fst :: (a, b) -> a
const fst = tpl => tpl[0];
// gcd :: Int -> Int -> Int
const gcd = (x, y) => {
const
_gcd = (a, b) => (0 === b ? a : _gcd(b, a % b)),
abs = Math.abs;
return _gcd(abs(x), abs(y));
};
// head :: [a] -> a
const head = xs => xs.length ? xs[0] : undefined;
// isChar :: a -> Bool
const isChar = x =>
('string' === typeof x) && (1 === x.length);
// iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> Gen [a]
function* iterate(f, x) {
let v = x;
while (true) {
yield(v);
v = f(v);
}
}
// Returns Infinity over objects without finite length
// this enables zip and zipWith to choose the shorter
// argument when one is non-finite, like cycle, repeat etc
// length :: [a] -> Int
const length = xs => xs.length || Infinity;
// listFromTuple :: (a, a ...) -> [a]
const listFromTuple = tpl =>
Array.from(tpl);
// map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
const map = (f, xs) => xs.map(f);
// nubBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
const nubBy = (p, xs) => {
const go = xs => 0 < xs.length ? (() => {
const x = xs[0];
return [x].concat(
go(xs.slice(1)
.filter(y => !p(x, y))
)
)
})() : [];
return go(xs);
};
// e.g. sortBy(on(compare,length), xs)
// on :: (b -> b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> a -> c
const on = (f, g) => (a, b) => f(g(a), g(b));
// ord :: Char -> Int
const ord = c => c.codePointAt(0);
// snd :: (a, b) -> b
const snd = tpl => tpl[1];
// sortBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> [a]
const sortBy = (f, xs) =>
xs.slice()
.sort(f);
// succ :: Enum a => a -> a
const succ = x =>
isChar(x) ? (
chr(1 + ord(x))
) : isNaN(x) ? (
undefined
) : 1 + x;
// tail :: [a] -> [a]
const tail = xs => 0 < xs.length ? xs.slice(1) : [];
// take :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
// take :: Int -> String -> String
const take = (n, xs) =>
xs.constructor.constructor.name !== 'GeneratorFunction' ? (
xs.slice(0, n)
) : [].concat.apply([], Array.from({
length: n
}, () => {
const x = xs.next();
return x.done ? [] : [x.value];
}));
// takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
// takeWhile :: (Char -> Bool) -> String -> String
const takeWhile = (p, xs) =>
xs.constructor.constructor.name !==
'GeneratorFunction' ? (() => {
const lng = xs.length;
return 0 < lng ? xs.slice(
0,
until(
i => lng === i || !p(xs[i]),
i => 1 + i,
0
)
) : [];
})() : takeWhileGen(p, xs);
// takeWhileGen :: (a -> Bool) -> Gen [a] -> [a]
const takeWhileGen = (p, xs) => {
const ys = [];
let
nxt = xs.next(),
v = nxt.value;
while (!nxt.done && p(v)) {
ys.push(v);
nxt = xs.next();
v = nxt.value
}
return ys;
};
// uncons :: [a] -> Maybe (a, [a])
const uncons = xs => {
const lng = length(xs);
return (0 < lng) ? (
lng < Infinity ? (
Just(Tuple(xs[0], xs.slice(1))) // Finite list
) : (() => {
const nxt = take(1, xs);
return 0 < nxt.length ? (
Just(Tuple(nxt[0], xs))
) : Nothing();
})() // Lazy generator
) : Nothing();
};
// unlines :: [String] -> String
const unlines = xs => xs.join('\n');
// until :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> a) -> a -> a
const until = (p, f, x) => {
let v = x;
while (!p(v)) v = f(v);
return v;
};
// Use of `take` and `length` here allows for zipping with non-finite
// lists - i.e. generators like cycle, repeat, iterate.
// zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)]
const zip = (xs, ys) => {
const lng = Math.min(length(xs), length(ys));
return Infinity !== lng ? (() => {
const bs = take(lng, ys);
return take(lng, xs).map((x, i) => Tuple(x, bs[i]));
})() : zipGen(xs, ys);
};
// zipGen :: Gen [a] -> Gen [b] -> Gen [(a, b)]
const zipGen = (ga, gb) => {
function* go(ma, mb) {
let
a = ma,
b = mb;
while (!a.Nothing && !b.Nothing) {
let
ta = a.Just,
tb = b.Just
yield(Tuple(fst(ta), fst(tb)));
a = uncons(snd(ta));
b = uncons(snd(tb));
}
}
return go(uncons(ga), uncons(gb));
};
// MAIN ---
return main();
})();

View file

@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
use List::Util qw/first/;
use ntheory qw/gcd vecsum/;
use ntheory qw/gcd vecsum vecfirst/;
sub stern_diatomic {
my ($p,$q,$i) = (0,1,shift);
@ -12,9 +11,9 @@ sub stern_diatomic {
my @s = map { stern_diatomic($_) } 1..15;
print "First fifteen: [@s]\n";
@s = map { my $n=$_; first { stern_diatomic($_) == $n } 1..10000 } 1..10;
@s = map { my $n=$_; vecfirst { stern_diatomic($_) == $n } 1..10000 } 1..10;
print "Index of 1-10 first occurrence: [@s]\n";
print "Index of 100 first occurrence: ", (first { stern_diatomic($_) == 100 } 1..10000), "\n";
print "Index of 100 first occurrence: ", (vecfirst { stern_diatomic($_) == 100 } 1..10000), "\n";
print "The first 999 consecutive pairs are ",
(vecsum( map { gcd(stern_diatomic($_),stern_diatomic($_+1)) } 1..999 ) == 999)
? "all coprime.\n" : "NOT all coprime!\n";

View file

@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
'''Stern-Brocot sequence'''
from itertools import (count, dropwhile, islice, takewhile)
import operator
import math
# sternBrocot :: Generator [Int]
def sternBrocot():
'''Non-finite list of the Stern-Brocot
sequence of integers.'''
def go(xs):
x = xs[1]
return (tail(xs) + [x + head(xs), x])
return fmapGen(head)(
iterate(go)([1, 1])
)
# TESTS ---------------------------------------------------
# main :: IO ()
def main():
'''Various tests'''
[eq, ne, gcd] = map(
curry,
[operator.eq, operator.ne, math.gcd]
)
sbs = take(1200)(sternBrocot())
ixSB = zip(sbs, enumFrom(1))
print(unlines(map(str, [
# First 15 members of the sequence.
take(15)(sbs),
# Indices of where the numbers [1..10] first appear.
take(10)(
nubBy(on(eq)(fst))(
sorted(
takewhile(
compose(ne(12))(fst),
ixSB
),
key=fst
)
)
),
# Index of where the number 100 first appears.
take(1)(dropwhile(compose(ne(100))(fst), ixSB)),
# Is the gcd of any two consecutive members,
# up to the 1000th member, always one ?
every(compose(eq(1)(gcd)))(
take(1000)(zip(sbs, tail(sbs)))
)
])))
# GENERIC ABSTRACTIONS ------------------------------------
# compose (<<<) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
def compose(g):
'''Right to left function composition.'''
return lambda f: lambda x: g(f(x))
# curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c
def curry(f):
'''A curried function derived
from an uncurried function.'''
return lambda a: lambda b: f(a, b)
# enumFrom :: Enum a => a -> [a]
def enumFrom(x):
'''A non-finite stream of enumerable values,
starting from the given value.'''
return count(x) if isinstance(x, int) else (
map(chr, count(ord(x)))
)
# every :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> Bool
def every(p):
'''True if p(x) holds for every x in xs'''
return lambda xs: all(map(p, xs))
# fmapGen <$> :: (a -> b) -> Gen [a] -> Gen [b]
def fmapGen(f):
'''A function f mapped over a
non finite stream of values.'''
def go(g):
while True:
v = next(g, None)
if None is not v:
yield f(v)
else:
return
return lambda gen: go(gen)
# fst :: (a, b) -> a
def fst(tpl):
'''First member of a pair.'''
return tpl[0]
# head :: [a] -> a
def head(xs):
'''The first element of a non-empty list.'''
return xs[0]
# iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> Gen [a]
def iterate(f):
'''An infinite list of repeated
applications of f to x.'''
def go(x):
v = x
while True:
yield v
v = f(v)
return lambda x: go(x)
# nubBy :: (a -> a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
def nubBy(p):
'''A sublist of xs from which all duplicates,
(as defined by the equality predicate p)
are excluded.'''
def go(xs):
if not xs:
return []
x = xs[0]
return [x] + go(
list(filter(
lambda y: not p(x)(y),
xs[1:]
))
)
return lambda xs: go(xs)
# on :: (b -> b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> a -> c
def on(f):
'''A function returning the value of applying
the binary f to g(a) g(b)'''
return lambda g: lambda a: lambda b: f(g(a))(g(b))
# tail :: [a] -> [a]
# tail :: Gen [a] -> [a]
def tail(xs):
'''The elements following the head of a
(non-empty) list or generator stream.'''
if isinstance(xs, list):
return xs[1:]
else:
list(islice(xs, 1)) # First item dropped.
return xs
# take :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
# take :: Int -> String -> String
def take(n):
'''The prefix of xs of length n,
or xs itself if n > length xs.'''
return lambda xs: (
xs[0:n]
if isinstance(xs, list)
else list(islice(xs, n))
)
# unlines :: [String] -> String
def unlines(xs):
'''A single string derived by the intercalation
of a list of strings with the newline character.'''
return '\n'.join(xs)
# MAIN ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

View file

@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ puts "First 15: #{sb.first(15)}"
puts "#{n} first appears at #{sb.find_index(n)+1}."
end
if sb.take(1000).each_cons(2).map { |a,b| a.gcd(b) }.all? { |n| n==1 }
if sb.take(1000).each_cons(2).all? { |a,b| a.gcd(b) == 1 }
puts "All GCD's are 1"
else
puts "Whoops, not all GCD's are 1!"

View file

@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
struct SternBrocot: Sequence, IteratorProtocol {
private var seq = [1, 1]
mutating func next() -> Int? {
seq += [seq[0] + seq[1], seq[1]]
return seq.removeFirst()
}
}
func gcd<T: BinaryInteger>(_ a: T, _ b: T) -> T {
guard a != 0 else {
return b
}
return a < b ? gcd(b % a, a) : gcd(a % b, b)
}
print("First 15: \(Array(SternBrocot().prefix(15)))")
var found = Set<Int>()
for (i, val) in SternBrocot().enumerated() {
switch val {
case 1...10 where !found.contains(val), 100 where !found.contains(val):
print("First \(val) at \(i + 1)")
found.insert(val)
case _:
continue
}
if found.count == 11 {
break
}
}
let firstThousand = SternBrocot().prefix(1000)
let gcdIsOne = zip(firstThousand, firstThousand.dropFirst()).allSatisfy({ gcd($0.0, $0.1) == 1 })
print("GCDs of all two consecutive members are \(gcdIsOne ? "" : "not")one")

View file

@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq
Module Module1
Dim l As List(Of Integer) = {1, 1}.ToList()
Function gcd(ByVal a As Integer, ByVal b As Integer) As Integer
Return If(a > 0, If(a < b, gcd(b Mod a, a), gcd(a Mod b, b)), b)
End Function
Sub Main(ByVal args As String())
Dim max As Integer = 1000, take As Integer = 15, i As Integer = 1,
selection As Integer() = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 100}
Do : l.AddRange({l(i) + l(i - 1), l(i)}.ToList) : i += 1
Loop While l.Count < max OrElse l(l.Count - 2) <> selection.Last()
Console.Write("The first {0} items In the Stern-Brocot sequence: ", take)
Console.WriteLine("{0}" & vbLf, String.Join(", ", l.Take(take)))
Console.WriteLine("The locations of where the selected numbers (1-to-10, & 100) first appear:")
For Each ii As Integer In selection
Dim j As Integer = l.FindIndex(Function(x) x = ii) + 1
Console.WriteLine("{0,3}: {1:n0}", ii, j)
Next : Console.WriteLine() : Dim good As Boolean = True : For i = 1 To max
If gcd(l(i), l(i - 1)) <> 1 Then good = False : Exit For
Next
Console.WriteLine("The greatest common divisor of all the two consecutive items of the" &
" series up to the {0}th item is {1}always one.", max, If(good, "", "not "))
End Sub
End Module